under用法的八卦，YOUTUBE、PTT和Yahoo名人娛樂都在討論

【 小英的哥大演講 】

前兩天蔡英文 Tsai Ing-wen 總統在哥倫比亞大學Columbia University in the City of New York 的演講感動了許多人，我也一直想要跟大家好好分享對這篇講稿的心得。想歸想，但卻沒時間動筆。

一直到昨天，BBC 中文網（繁體） 有篇談這場演講的報導（後面有一小段引用了對我的訪問），然後發達資本主義時代的打油詩人 跟我在臉書上聊這件事。我們兩個雖然都很想談談這篇講稿，但週末都忙著同一件事：帶小孩（他帶他的、我帶我的）。但再不寫大概就沒人想談了，所以只好趁現在小孩睡覺後開始寫。

前天我曾經在臉書上請大家好好讀這篇講稿，中文英文都要看。有關中文的部分，朱宥勳 已經有很精彩的寫作技巧分析，大家可以去看看。

這一篇貼文會從英文文稿（這場演講是以英文進行的）跟一些比較宏觀的角度切入。

✍️為什麼是紐約？為什麼是哥大？

很多人都知道小英總統是英國倫敦政經學院的博士（好吧，有些人到現在還在懷疑），小英講英文時也有很雋永的英國腔，但大家比較容易忽略的是，紐約（美國）才是她第一個異鄉求學的地方。她當時就讀康乃爾大學Cornell University ，位於紐約州的漂亮小城Ithaca。

所以也許不難想像紐約這個大城市，在當時對一個在台北長大的乖乖牌學生，所產生的人生衝擊。小英不但順利拿到碩士學位，還考過了全美難考的紐約州律師考試（美國的律師考試是不同地方分開考的，難易不一，比較難的一般來說是紐約、芝加哥跟加州）。我想紐約對於小英來說，是充滿許多回憶的。

小英在紐約的公開演講曾說：「這是她第一次以中華民國總統的身份造訪紐約」。從這個背景來看小英的英文講稿，不難發現，前四段事實上是給紐約客（New Yorker）的溫暖起手式：

✍️Receiving an invitation to speak here from such a vanguard of free speech and diversity is actually quite an honor.
能受邀來這所以言論自由及多元包容著稱的校園座談，我實在備感榮幸。

🐶小英在演講的第一句話，就點出了紐約這城市對她的意義：言論自由、多元。

為什麼要特別講這一點？因為她當年就讀Cornell時，台灣發生了美麗島事件跟林宅血案。你可以想像，在多元自由的紐約校園，卻聽到家鄉發生重大事件，內心有多震撼。

✍️ I graduated from Cornell Law School in 1980, and I have to say, being back on a New York campus brings back many memories. Though I’m sure many of you would say that any campus outside of New York City is not really part of New York.
我在1980年畢業於康乃爾大學，再度回到久違的紐約校園，勾起我許多的回憶。雖然，或許在場有人會說，任何紐約市以外的校園都不能算是紐約。

🐶這一段是insider joke，非紐約人可能看不懂，紐約人聽到應該笑呵呵。為什麼？前面已經說了，Cornell位於紐約州的Ithaca，但不是位於紐約市內，所以這個笑話是小英的自嘲：我知道我念的學校沒有位於紐約市（New York City）內，你們一定覺得那不能算是「紐約校園」。說白了，這有點像是天龍國笑話或是「天母是天龍中的天龍」之類的。

講到這，看看哥大的臉書名稱：Columbia University in the City of New York （位於紐約市的哥倫比亞大學），不覺得很幽默嗎？這是在開其他沒有位於紐約市（也許位於紐約州）大學的玩笑。（你能想像台大的臉書名稱說「位於台北的台大」嗎？）

✍️However, I actually lived in the city in the summer of 1979, when I was doing research work for a professor at the East Asia Institute of Columbia University. Later on, I passed the New York Bar examination here, and visited the city from time to time, sometimes on my way to Washington DC for trade negotiations.
然而我在1979年夏天曾經真正住過紐約，協助哥倫比亞大學東亞研究所的一位教授做研究。而我在通過紐約州律師考試後，就更常走訪紐約，有時是在前往華府做貿易談判時會經過紐約。

🐶接續上一段的笑點，打鐵趁熱，小英為自己的「紐約經驗」多加一點正當性。她說她當時曾經協助哥倫比亞大學東亞研究所的一位教授做研究。哥大位於紐約市內，這下總不能說我不是紐約人了吧？

✍️Life in New York in the 1980s was eye opening for a young law student from not quite democratized Taiwan. Diversity and different perspectives were the norm, and looking out across the lecture hall today, I am glad to see that has not changed.
對一個來自當時尚未完全民主化的臺灣的法律系學生來說，1980年代的紐約生活真的令我眼界大開，多元化和不同的見解竟然才是正常。我很高興，從這講台放眼望出去，一切都如此熟悉，絲毫未曾改變。

🐶這一段，事實上講的是台灣當時還沒解嚴，而且發生了美麗島事件。小英講的委婉，沒有指名道姓，只說台灣當時尚未完全民主化。

以上四段，是非常成功的破冰（ice-breaking）。破冰是公共演講的重要技巧，做得好，能夠化解一開始的尷尬與緊張，並連結講者與聽眾的關係。開場做得好，也有助接下來的演講氣氛跟節奏的掌握。

所以好的幕僚真的很重要，也真的能讓你上天堂。幕僚寫稿的功力也在這裡，帶出個人情感（personal touch），讓老闆掌握演講節奏，這是需要專業訓練的。


✍️In the early days of our political transition, some said democracy could not survive in China’s shadow. And Taiwan is now home to a thriving democratic society and political system.
我們在政治轉型初期，很多人說在中國陰影的籠罩下，我們的民主不可能存活下來。然而，現在臺灣已然成為民主社會和政治制度蓬勃發展的居所。

🐶我喜歡survive in China's shadow這個詞的用法，這可以提醒聽眾，今日許多國家，甚至包括美國，都還在擔憂中國的銳實力（sharp power）。西方國家對於要不要禁用華為爭論不休，也可以視為一種中國的陰影。


✍️Some said a resource-poor island of only 23 million people could not become a major economic player. Yet we are now the United States’ 11th largest trade partner.
有人說，人口只有兩千三百萬而且資源匱乏的小島，無法成為經濟的主要推手，然而現在我們已經變成美國的第11大貿易夥伴了。

🐶這是很漂亮的對比，從資源匱乏的小國變成美國的重要貿易夥伴。


✍️Some said progressive values could not take root in East Asian society. Yet I stand here before you as Taiwan’s first woman president, and this year we became the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage.
有人說，先進的價值觀無法於東亞社會生根。但今天，我是以臺灣第一位女總統的身分站在各位面前，而今年臺灣也已經躍為亞洲第一個同婚合法的國家。

🐶progressive這個字，我習慣翻譯成「進步」，但總統府的翻譯為「先進」。這一段很生動的描繪了台灣在性別平權上的進展，對台灣的形象是很好的宣傳。


✍️In short, Taiwan’s story is one of seemingly improbable success. Many call Taiwan a “democratic miracle,” but I don’t believe in miracles. I believe in the will of the people, and their vision for a better world.
簡言之，臺灣就是在不可能的環境下成就了可能。許多人稱臺灣為「民主奇蹟」，但我不是奇蹟的信徒。我相信的是人民的意志，以及對更美好未來的願景。

🐶「奇蹟的信徒」在中文是個華麗的修辭，但英文用的是大家國中都學過的文法：believe 是相信，believe in 是信仰。有沒有 in 差很多。


✍️We are seeing this threat in action right now in Hong Kong. Faced with no channel to make their voices heard, young people are taking to the streets to fight for their democratic freedoms. And the people of Taiwan stand with them.

我們看到這個威脅正在衝擊香港，年輕人沒有管道發聲，只好走上街頭為民主自由拼搏。我們臺灣人民決心和他們站在一起。

Hong Kong’s experience under “one country, two systems” has shown the world once and for all that authoritarianism and democracy cannot coexist.
香港的「一國兩制」經驗，向世界明白揭破了獨裁和民主無法共存的事實。

🐶沒有任何一個場合，比台灣總統親自在美國談香港逃犯條例的議題更適合了。這一點我相信能贏得很多聽眾共鳴。如果真的要挑剔的話，我也許會思考一個問題：加上新疆集中營或甚至西藏議題，會不會比較好？加跟不加都各有利弊，也許文稿小組最後決定讓演講更聚焦。


✍️You begin to censor your own speech, your own thoughts. You no longer discuss current events with your friends, for fear of being overheard. You spend more time looking over your shoulder than you spend looking towards the future.
你開始審查自己的言論和想法，不再和朋友討論時事，因為害怕被竊聽，大部分時間都提心吊膽的前瞻後顧，根本無法好好面對未來。

🐶我喜歡這一段的節奏。也因為這一段，我猜測這篇講稿應該是「以英文寫成，再翻譯成中文」，而非「以中文寫成，再翻譯成英文」。為什麼？因為You spend more time looking over your shoulder than you spend looking towards the future. 用了前面跟後面的修辭。


✍️Our story is one of perseverance, of a commitment to democracy against all odds.
我們的故事是堅毅不撓的故事，是力抗萬難，堅守民主的故事。

Ours is a story of why values do still matter. The cultural and political differences across the Taiwan Strait only grow wider by the day; and each day that Taiwan chooses freedom of speech, human rights, the rule of law, is a day that we drift farther from the influences of authoritarianism.
我們的故事在訴說，為什麼核心價值如此的重要。臺海兩岸在文化及政治上的歧異日趨擴大。臺灣選擇言論自由、人權及法治的每一天，都讓我們與獨裁政權漸行漸遠。

🐶Against all odds 強調台灣民主及經濟發展難能可貴。
A story of why values do still matter. 強調台灣跟中國最大的差異:價值。


✍️Authoritarian governments seek to exploit press freedoms unique to democratic societies to sow dissent among us. They hope to make us question our political systems and lose faith in democracy.
獨裁政府企圖利用民主社會的新聞自由，在我們之間挑撥對立，要讓我們懷疑我們的政治制度，好讓我們對民主失落信心。

Taiwan has been on the frontlines of this battle for years, and we have a great deal of experiences to offer to the world.
臺灣多年來一直站在這場戰爭的前線，我們有太多經驗可以與世界分享。

🐶這一段強調台灣在全球資訊戰的價值及經驗，凸顯台灣是美國重要盟邦的重要性。

✍️But democracy faces other challenges as well, especially in the form of economic enticements with hidden strings attached.
然而民主還面臨其他挑戰，特別是暗藏算計的經濟誘惑。

🐶這在講什麼？包括中國對台灣的統戰，也包括中國對其他國家的一帶一路及所帶來的債權陷阱（debt trap）。


✍️So to all the people who ask me how to make the choice between democracy and economic growth, I say the choice is clear: the two are inseparable.
很多人問我如何在民主與經濟成長之間作出抉擇，我的答案很清楚，就是：兩者密不可分。

History tells us that democracies are strongest when united, and weakest when divided.
歷史告訴我們，民主國家團結時最強，分裂時最弱。

🐶這邊改寫了英文寫作常用的名言錦句：United we stand, divided we fall。寫得很漂亮，沒話說。

😄😄😄

我只挑了一些段落跟大家分享，希望大家喜歡，也算是完成發達資本主義時代的打油詩人 交代給我的任務。

忘了說，哥大的黎安友（Andrew Nathan）教授是小英這次訪紐約的靈魂人物，他是友台派中國通的祖師爺級人物，台灣許多教授及政治人物都上過他的課。我在清大就讀中國研究碩士時，Andy（我們都這麼稱呼他）也來清大上過短期講座，現在回想起來，當時能在新竹上他的課真的太幸福了（畢竟清大不在紐約市，學費也不能跟長春藤盟校相比😂）。

半夜兩點了，來睏。（發文的霎那，螢幕跳出喬帥擊敗費爸的新聞，我整個錯過了比賽....😭）

Ps. 本篇文章謝謝打油詩人給我一些靈感，但如果有寫錯的地方，文責當然自負。

（本篇引用的中英文講稿內容來自中華民國總統府官網）

護台胖犬 劉仕傑
Instagram: old_dog_chasing_ball （老狗追球）

毋忘五大訴求　公民抗命有理
—10‧20九龍遊行陳情書
（案件編號：DCCC 535/2020）

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「毋忘初衷，活在愛和真實之中」
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胡法官雅文閣下：

　　2012年，我第一次站在法庭上承認違反「公安惡法」，述說對普選的盼望，批評公安惡法不義，並因公民抗命的緣故，甘心樂意接受刑罰。當年我說，如果小圈子選舉沒有被廢除，惡法沒有消失，我依然會一如故我，公民抗命，並且我相信將會有更多學生和市民加入這個行列。想不到時至今日，普選仍然遙遙無期，我亦再次被帶到法庭接受審判，但只是短短７年，已經有數十萬計的群眾公民抗命，反對暴政。今日，我承認違反「未經批准的政府」所訂立「未經批准的惡法」之下的「未經批准集結」罪，我不打算尋求法庭的憐憫，但請容許我佔用法庭些微時間陳情，讓法庭在判刑前有全面考慮。

暴力之濫觴

　　在整個反修例運動如火如荼之際，我正承擔另一宗公民抗命案件的刑責。雖然身在獄中，但仍然心繫手足。我在獄中電視機前見證6月9日、6月16日及8月18日三次百萬港人大遊行，幾多熱愛和平的港人冒天雨冒彈雨走上街頭，抗議不義惡法，今日關於10月20日的案件，亦是如此。可能有人會問，政府已在6月暫緩修例，更在9月正式撤回修例，我等仍然繼續示威，豈非無理取鬧？我相信法官閣下肯定聽過「遲來的正義並非正義」（Justice delayed is justice denied）這句格言。當過百萬群眾走上街頭，和平表達不滿的時候，林鄭政府沒有理睬，反而獨行獨斷，粗暴踐踏港人的意願，結果製造出後來連綿不絕的爭拗，甚至你死我活的對抗。經歷眾多衝突痛苦之後，所謂暫緩撤回，已經微不足道，我們只是更加清楚：沒有民主，就連基本人權都不會擁有！

　　在本案之中，雖然我們都沒有鼓動或作出暴力行為，但根據早前8‧18及10‧1兩宗案件，相信在控方及法庭眼中，案發當日的暴力事件仍然可以算在我們頭上，如此，我有必要問：如果香港有一個公平正義的普及選舉，人民可以在立法會直接否決他們不認可的法律，試問2019年的暴力衝突可以從何而來呢？如果我們眼見的暴力是如此十惡不赦，那麼我們又如何看待百萬人遊行後仍然堅持推行惡法的制度暴力呢？如果我們不能接受人民暴力反抗，那麼我們是否更加不能對更巨大更壓逼的制度暴力沈默不言？真正且經常發生的暴力，是漠視人民訴求的暴力，是踐踏人民意見的暴力，是剝奪人民表達權利的暴力。真正憎恨暴力，痛恨暴力的人，不可能一方面指摘暴力反抗，又容忍制度暴力。如果我需要承擔和平遊行引發出來的暴力事件的刑責，那麼誰應該承擔施政失敗所引發出來的社會騷亂的罪責呢？

社會之病根

　　對於法庭而言，可能2019年所發生的事情只是一場社會騷亂，務必追究違法者個人責任。然而，治亂治其本源，醫病醫其病根，我雖然公民抗命，刻意違法，控方把我帶上法庭，但我卻不應被理解為一個「犯罪個體」。2019年所發生的事情，並不是我一個人或我們這幾位被告可以促成，社會問題的癥結不是「犯罪份子」本身，而是「犯罪原因」。我明白「治亂世用重典」的道理，但如果「殺雞儆猴」是解決方法，就不會在2016年發生旺角騷亂及2017年上訴庭對示威者施以重刑後，2019年仍然會爆發出更大規模的暴力反抗。

如果不希望社會動亂，就必須正本清源，逐步落實「五大訴求」，從根本上改革，挽回民心。2019年反修例運動，其實只是2014年雨傘運動的延續而已，縱使法庭可能認為兩個運動皆是「一股歪風」所引起，但我必須澄清，兩個運動的核心就是追求民主普選，人民當家作主。在2019年11月24日區議會選舉這個最類近全民普選的選舉中，接近300萬人投票，民主派大勝，奪得17個區議會主導權，這就是整個反修例運動的民意，民意就是反對政府決策，反對制度暴力，反對推行惡法，不容爭辯，不辯自明。我們作為礦場裡的金絲雀，多次提醒政府撤回修法，並從根本上改革制度，而在10月20日的九龍遊行當然是反映民意的平台契機。如今，法庭對我們施加重刑，其實只不過是懲罰民意，將金絲雀困在鳥籠之內，甚至扼殺於鼓掌之中，窒礙表達自由。

堅持之重要

　　大運動過後的大鎮壓，使我們失去《蘋果日報》，失去教協，失去民陣，不少民主派領袖以及曾為運動付出的手足戰友都囚於獄中，不少曾經熱情投入運動的朋友亦因《國安法》的威脅轉為低調，新聞自由示威自由日漸萎縮，公民社會受到沈重打擊，我亦失去不少摯友，有感傷孤獨的時候，但我仍然相信，2019年香港人的信念，以及所展現人類的光輝持久未變。我不會忘記百萬人民冒雨捱熱抗拒暴政，抵制惡法，展現我們眾志成城；我不會忘記人潮紅海，讓道救護車，展現我們文明精神；我不會忘記年青志士直接行動反對苛政，捨身成仁，展現我們膽色勇氣；我不會忘記銀髮一族走上街頭保護年青人，展現我們彼此關懷；我不會忘記「五大訴求」，不會忘記2019年區議會選舉，展現我們有理有節。

　　法官閣下，我對於當日的所作所為，不感羞恥，毫無悔意。我能夠在出獄後與群眾同行一路，與戰友同繫一獄，實是莫大榮幸。若法治失去民主基石，將使法庭無奈地接受專制政權所訂立解釋的法律限制，隨時變成政治工具掃除異見，因此爭取民主普選，建設真正法治，追求公平正義，仍然是我的理想。在這條路上，如有必要，我仍然會公民抗命，正如終審法院海外非常任法官賀輔明（Lord Hoffmann）所言，發自良知的公民抗命有悠久及光榮的傳統，歷史將證明我們是正確的。我期望，曾與我一起遊行抗命的手足戰友要堅持信念，在艱難歲月裡毋忘初衷，活在愛和真實之中。

　　最後，如9年前一樣，我想借用美國民權領袖馬丁路德金牧師的一番話對我們的反對者說：「我們將以自己忍受苦難的能力，來較量你們製造苦難的能力。我們將用我們靈魂的力量，來抵禦你們物質的暴力。對我們做你們想做的事吧，我們仍然愛你們。我們不能憑良心服從你們不公正的法律，因為拒惡與為善一樣是道德責任。將我們送入監獄吧，我們仍然愛你們。」（We shall match your capacity to inflict suffering by our capacity to endure suffering. We shall meet your physical force with soul force. Do to us what you will, and we shall continue to love you. We cannot in all good conscience obey your unjust laws because noncooperation with evil is as much a moral obligation as is cooperation with good. Throw us in jail and we shall still love you.）

　　願慈愛的主耶穌賜我們平安，與我和我一家同在，與法官閣下同在，與香港人同在。沒有暴徒，只有暴政；五大訴求，缺一不可！願榮耀歸上帝，榮光歸人民！

第五被告
黃浩銘
二零二一年八月十九日

Lest we forget the five demands: civil disobedience is morally justified
- Statement on 10‧20 Kowloon Rally
(Case No.: DCCC 535/2020)

Your Honour Judge Woodcock

In 2012, I stood before the court and admitted to violating the "Public Security Evil Law". I expressed my hope for universal suffrage, criticized the evil law as unjust, and willingly accepted the penalty for civil disobedience. Back then, I said that if the small-circle election had not been abolished and the draconian law had not disappeared, I would still be as determined as I was, and I believe that more students and citizens would join this movement. Today, universal suffrage is still a long way off, and I have been brought before the court again for trial. But in just seven years, hundreds of thousands of people have already risen up in civil disobedience against tyranny. Today, I plead guilty to "unauthorised assembly" under an unapproved evil law enacted by an unauthorised government. I do not intend to seek the court's mercy, but please allow me to take up a little time in court to present my case so that the court can consider all aspects before sentencing me.

The roots of violence

At the time when the whole anti-extradition law movement was in full-swing, I was taking responsibility for another civil disobedience case. Although I was in prison, my heart was still with the people. I witnessed the three million-person rallies on 9 June, 16 June and 18 August on television in prison, when many peace-loving people took to the streets despite the rain and bullets, to protest against unjust laws. Some people may ask, "The Government has already suspended the legislative amendments in June and formally withdrew the bill in September, but we are still demonstrating, are we not being unreasonable?" I am sure your Honour has heard of the adage "Justice delayed is justice denied". When more than a million people took to the streets to express their discontent peacefully, the Lam administration ignored them and instead acted arbitrarily, brutally trampling on the wishes of the people of Hong Kong, resulting in endless arguments and even confrontations. After so many conflicts and painful experiences, the so-called moratorium is no longer meaningful. We only know better: without democracy, we cannot even have basic human rights!

In this case, although we did not instigate or commit acts of violence, I believe that in the eyes of the prosecution and the court, the violence on the day of the incident can still be counted against us, based on the August 18 and October 1 case. And now I must ask - If Hong Kong had a fair and just universal election, and the public could directly veto laws they did not approve of at the Legislative Council, then how could the violent clashes of 2019 have come about? If the violence we see is so heinous, how do we feel about the institutional violence that insists on the imposition of draconian laws even after millions of people have taken to the streets? If we cannot accept violent rebellion, how can we remain silent in the face of even greater and more oppressive institutional violence? The true and frequent violence is the kind of violence that ignores people's demands, that tramples on their opinions, that deprives them of their right to express themselves. People who truly hate violence and abhor it cannot accuse violent resistance on the one hand and tolerate institutional violence on the other. If I have to bear the criminal responsibility for the violence caused by the peaceful demonstration, then who should bear the criminal responsibility for the social unrest caused by failed administration?

The roots of society's problems

From a court's point of view, it may be that what happened in 2019 was just a series of social unrest, and that those who broke the law must be held personally accountable. What happened in 2019 was not something that I alone or the defendants could have made possible, and the crux of the social problem was not the 'criminals' but the 'causes of crime'. I understand the concept of " applying severe punishment to a troubled world", but if "decimation" was really the solution, there would not have been more violent rebellions in 2019 after the Mongkok "riot" in 2016 and the heavy sentences handed down to protesters by the Court of Appeal in 2017.

If we do not want social unrest, we must get to the root of the problem and implement the "five demands" step by step, so as to achieve fundamental reforms and win back the hearts of the people. 2019's anti-revision movement is indeed a continuation of 2014's Umbrella Movement, and even though the court may think that both movements are caused by a "perverse wind", I must clarify that the core of both movements is the pursuit of democracy and universal suffrage, and the people being the masters of their own house. In the District Council election on 24 November 2019, which is the closest thing to universal suffrage, nearly 3 million people voted, and the democratic camp won a huge victory, winning majority in 17 District Councils. As canaries in the monetary coal mine, we have repeatedly reminded the government to withdraw the extradition bill and fundamentally reform the system, and the march in Kowloon on 20 October was certainly an opportunity to reflect public opinion. Now, by imposing heavy penalties on us, the court is only punishing public opinion, trapping the canaries in a birdcage, or even stifling them in the palm of their hands, suffocating the freedom of expression.

The importance of persistence

As a result of the crackdown after the mass movement, we lost Apple Daily, the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union, and the Civil Human Rights Front. Many of our democratic leaders and comrades who had contributed to the movement were imprisoned, and many of our friends who had been passionately involved in the movement had been forced to lay low under the threat of the National Security Law. I still believe that the faith of Hong Kong people and the glory of humanity seen in 2019 will remain unchanged. I will never forget the millions of people who braved the rain and the heat to resist tyranny and evil laws, demonstrating our unity of purpose; I will never forget the crowds of people who gave way to ambulances, demonstrating our civility; I will never forget the young people who sacrificed their lives, demonstrating our courage and bravery; I will never forget the silver-haired who took to the streets to protect the youth, demonstrating our care for each other; I will never forget the "five demands" and the 2019 District Council election, demonstrating our rationality and decency.

Your Honour, I have nothing to be ashamed of and no remorse for what I did on that day. It is my great honour to be in prison with my comrades and to be able to walk with the public after my release. If the rule of law were to lose its democratic foundation, the courts would have no choice but to accept the legal restrictions set by the autocratic regime and become a political tool to eliminate dissent at any time. As Lord Hoffmann, a non-permanent overseas judge of the Court of Final Appeal, said, civil disobedience from the conscience has a long and honourable tradition, and history will prove us right. I hope that my comrades in arms who walked with me in protests will keep their faith and live in love and truth in the midst of this difficult time.

Finally, as I did nine years ago, I would like to say something to those who oppose us, borrowing the words of American civil rights leader Reverend Martin Luther King: "We shall match your capacity to inflict suffering by our capacity to endure suffering. We shall meet your physical force with soul force. Do to us what you will, and we shall continue to love you. We cannot in all good conscience obey your unjust laws because noncooperation with evil is as much a moral obligation as is cooperation with good. Throw us in jail and we shall still love you."

Peace be with me and my family, with Your Honour, and with the people of Hong Kong. There are no thugs, only tyranny; five demands, not one less! To god be the glory and to people be the glory!

The Fifth Defendant
Wong Ho Ming
19 August 2021

【美國橋水基金創辦人Ray Dalio：別再用一個英文「形容詞」描述人了】

▍文章 Highlight：「抗壓性好」，可以說 I stay calm under pressure. 或 I don't get stressed out easily. 幾乎沒有母語人士會用一個形容詞 I + am + adj. 來講這句話。

管理高達 9 兆資產的美國「橋水基金」(Bridgewater) 對沖基金創辦人 Ray Dalio，日前與世界頂尖的心理學家、商學院教授們推出了一版目前世界上最完整的 personality assessment（之一), 也是唯一一個在測試階段就讓像 Elon Musk、Bill Gates 般的企業家做過的評量。

以學習英文的語塊視角來看，在學習形容的時候，過去我們都只學「單點」的形容詞，像是 outstanding, extroverted (外向的)、considerate (體貼的)，其實是不夠的。

「抗壓性好」，可以說 I stay calm under pressure. 或 I don't get stressed out easily. 幾乎沒有母語人士會用一個形容詞 I + am + adj. 來講這句話。

在 assessment 當中，他們想出了這樣的表達（舉例參考）：

1️⃣ I stay calm under pressure. (我在壓力下能保持冷靜)

2️⃣ I am able to recover quickly from most setbacks. (遇到挫敗我通常能很快地站起來)

3️⃣ I adapt easily to new situations. (我能很快適應新的狀況、環境)

4️⃣ I usually go with my gut rather than spending a lot of time analyzing decisions. (我通常喜歡照直覺走，而不是花費很多時間分析決定)

5️⃣ I like to keep to a strict schedule instead of winging things. (比起見機行事，我更喜歡按照一個固定的時程走)

6️⃣ Others seek me out for advice on personal problems. (對於一些個人 / 私人的問題，別人喜歡向我尋求建議)

7️⃣ I am often the life of the party. (我常常是團體中的靈魂人物)

8️⃣ I always follow through on my commitments. (我是個不會虎頭蛇尾的人)

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上一部影片 阿滴問與答#6 滴妹跟阿滴誰比較受歡迎？http://youtu.be/nLh5EJsmrgc
下一部影片 VIP提問詳解#4 under, beneath, below 三個「下面」的用法差在哪裡？ http://youtu.be/lAXxpmd5RlE

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