【 小英的哥大演講 】
前兩天蔡英文 Tsai Ing-wen 總統在哥倫比亞大學Columbia University in the City of New York 的演講感動了許多人,我也一直想要跟大家好好分享對這篇講稿的心得。想歸想,但卻沒時間動筆。
一直到昨天,BBC 中文網(繁體) 有篇談這場演講的報導(後面有一小段引用了對我的訪問),然後發達資本主義時代的打油詩人 跟我在臉書上聊這件事。我們兩個雖然都很想談談這篇講稿,但週末都忙著同一件事:帶小孩(他帶他的、我帶我的)。但再不寫大概就沒人想談了,所以只好趁現在小孩睡覺後開始寫。
前天我曾經在臉書上請大家好好讀這篇講稿,中文英文都要看。有關中文的部分,朱宥勳 已經有很精彩的寫作技巧分析,大家可以去看看。
這一篇貼文會從英文文稿(這場演講是以英文進行的)跟一些比較宏觀的角度切入。
✍️為什麼是紐約?為什麼是哥大?
很多人都知道小英總統是英國倫敦政經學院的博士(好吧,有些人到現在還在懷疑),小英講英文時也有很雋永的英國腔,但大家比較容易忽略的是,紐約(美國)才是她第一個異鄉求學的地方。她當時就讀康乃爾大學Cornell University ,位於紐約州的漂亮小城Ithaca。
所以也許不難想像紐約這個大城市,在當時對一個在台北長大的乖乖牌學生,所產生的人生衝擊。小英不但順利拿到碩士學位,還考過了全美難考的紐約州律師考試(美國的律師考試是不同地方分開考的,難易不一,比較難的一般來說是紐約、芝加哥跟加州)。我想紐約對於小英來說,是充滿許多回憶的。
小英在紐約的公開演講曾說:「這是她第一次以中華民國總統的身份造訪紐約」。從這個背景來看小英的英文講稿,不難發現,前四段事實上是給紐約客(New Yorker)的溫暖起手式:
✍️Receiving an invitation to speak here from such a vanguard of free speech and diversity is actually quite an honor.
能受邀來這所以言論自由及多元包容著稱的校園座談,我實在備感榮幸。
🐶小英在演講的第一句話,就點出了紐約這城市對她的意義:言論自由、多元。
為什麼要特別講這一點?因為她當年就讀Cornell時,台灣發生了美麗島事件跟林宅血案。你可以想像,在多元自由的紐約校園,卻聽到家鄉發生重大事件,內心有多震撼。
✍️ I graduated from Cornell Law School in 1980, and I have to say, being back on a New York campus brings back many memories. Though I’m sure many of you would say that any campus outside of New York City is not really part of New York.
我在1980年畢業於康乃爾大學,再度回到久違的紐約校園,勾起我許多的回憶。雖然,或許在場有人會說,任何紐約市以外的校園都不能算是紐約。
🐶這一段是insider joke,非紐約人可能看不懂,紐約人聽到應該笑呵呵。為什麼?前面已經說了,Cornell位於紐約州的Ithaca,但不是位於紐約市內,所以這個笑話是小英的自嘲:我知道我念的學校沒有位於紐約市(New York City)內,你們一定覺得那不能算是「紐約校園」。說白了,這有點像是天龍國笑話或是「天母是天龍中的天龍」之類的。
講到這,看看哥大的臉書名稱:Columbia University in the City of New York (位於紐約市的哥倫比亞大學),不覺得很幽默嗎?這是在開其他沒有位於紐約市(也許位於紐約州)大學的玩笑。(你能想像台大的臉書名稱說「位於台北的台大」嗎?)
✍️However, I actually lived in the city in the summer of 1979, when I was doing research work for a professor at the East Asia Institute of Columbia University. Later on, I passed the New York Bar examination here, and visited the city from time to time, sometimes on my way to Washington DC for trade negotiations.
然而我在1979年夏天曾經真正住過紐約,協助哥倫比亞大學東亞研究所的一位教授做研究。而我在通過紐約州律師考試後,就更常走訪紐約,有時是在前往華府做貿易談判時會經過紐約。
🐶接續上一段的笑點,打鐵趁熱,小英為自己的「紐約經驗」多加一點正當性。她說她當時曾經協助哥倫比亞大學東亞研究所的一位教授做研究。哥大位於紐約市內,這下總不能說我不是紐約人了吧?
✍️Life in New York in the 1980s was eye opening for a young law student from not quite democratized Taiwan. Diversity and different perspectives were the norm, and looking out across the lecture hall today, I am glad to see that has not changed.
對一個來自當時尚未完全民主化的臺灣的法律系學生來說,1980年代的紐約生活真的令我眼界大開,多元化和不同的見解竟然才是正常。我很高興,從這講台放眼望出去,一切都如此熟悉,絲毫未曾改變。
🐶這一段,事實上講的是台灣當時還沒解嚴,而且發生了美麗島事件。小英講的委婉,沒有指名道姓,只說台灣當時尚未完全民主化。
以上四段,是非常成功的破冰(ice-breaking)。破冰是公共演講的重要技巧,做得好,能夠化解一開始的尷尬與緊張,並連結講者與聽眾的關係。開場做得好,也有助接下來的演講氣氛跟節奏的掌握。
所以好的幕僚真的很重要,也真的能讓你上天堂。幕僚寫稿的功力也在這裡,帶出個人情感(personal touch),讓老闆掌握演講節奏,這是需要專業訓練的。
✍️In the early days of our political transition, some said democracy could not survive in China’s shadow. And Taiwan is now home to a thriving democratic society and political system.
我們在政治轉型初期,很多人說在中國陰影的籠罩下,我們的民主不可能存活下來。然而,現在臺灣已然成為民主社會和政治制度蓬勃發展的居所。
🐶我喜歡survive in China's shadow這個詞的用法,這可以提醒聽眾,今日許多國家,甚至包括美國,都還在擔憂中國的銳實力(sharp power)。西方國家對於要不要禁用華為爭論不休,也可以視為一種中國的陰影。
✍️Some said a resource-poor island of only 23 million people could not become a major economic player. Yet we are now the United States’ 11th largest trade partner.
有人說,人口只有兩千三百萬而且資源匱乏的小島,無法成為經濟的主要推手,然而現在我們已經變成美國的第11大貿易夥伴了。
🐶這是很漂亮的對比,從資源匱乏的小國變成美國的重要貿易夥伴。
✍️Some said progressive values could not take root in East Asian society. Yet I stand here before you as Taiwan’s first woman president, and this year we became the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage.
有人說,先進的價值觀無法於東亞社會生根。但今天,我是以臺灣第一位女總統的身分站在各位面前,而今年臺灣也已經躍為亞洲第一個同婚合法的國家。
🐶progressive這個字,我習慣翻譯成「進步」,但總統府的翻譯為「先進」。這一段很生動的描繪了台灣在性別平權上的進展,對台灣的形象是很好的宣傳。
✍️In short, Taiwan’s story is one of seemingly improbable success. Many call Taiwan a “democratic miracle,” but I don’t believe in miracles. I believe in the will of the people, and their vision for a better world.
簡言之,臺灣就是在不可能的環境下成就了可能。許多人稱臺灣為「民主奇蹟」,但我不是奇蹟的信徒。我相信的是人民的意志,以及對更美好未來的願景。
🐶「奇蹟的信徒」在中文是個華麗的修辭,但英文用的是大家國中都學過的文法:believe 是相信,believe in 是信仰。有沒有 in 差很多。
✍️We are seeing this threat in action right now in Hong Kong. Faced with no channel to make their voices heard, young people are taking to the streets to fight for their democratic freedoms. And the people of Taiwan stand with them.
我們看到這個威脅正在衝擊香港,年輕人沒有管道發聲,只好走上街頭為民主自由拼搏。我們臺灣人民決心和他們站在一起。
Hong Kong’s experience under “one country, two systems” has shown the world once and for all that authoritarianism and democracy cannot coexist.
香港的「一國兩制」經驗,向世界明白揭破了獨裁和民主無法共存的事實。
🐶沒有任何一個場合,比台灣總統親自在美國談香港逃犯條例的議題更適合了。這一點我相信能贏得很多聽眾共鳴。如果真的要挑剔的話,我也許會思考一個問題:加上新疆集中營或甚至西藏議題,會不會比較好?加跟不加都各有利弊,也許文稿小組最後決定讓演講更聚焦。
✍️You begin to censor your own speech, your own thoughts. You no longer discuss current events with your friends, for fear of being overheard. You spend more time looking over your shoulder than you spend looking towards the future.
你開始審查自己的言論和想法,不再和朋友討論時事,因為害怕被竊聽,大部分時間都提心吊膽的前瞻後顧,根本無法好好面對未來。
🐶我喜歡這一段的節奏。也因為這一段,我猜測這篇講稿應該是「以英文寫成,再翻譯成中文」,而非「以中文寫成,再翻譯成英文」。為什麼?因為You spend more time looking over your shoulder than you spend looking towards the future. 用了前面跟後面的修辭。
✍️Our story is one of perseverance, of a commitment to democracy against all odds.
我們的故事是堅毅不撓的故事,是力抗萬難,堅守民主的故事。
Ours is a story of why values do still matter. The cultural and political differences across the Taiwan Strait only grow wider by the day; and each day that Taiwan chooses freedom of speech, human rights, the rule of law, is a day that we drift farther from the influences of authoritarianism.
我們的故事在訴說,為什麼核心價值如此的重要。臺海兩岸在文化及政治上的歧異日趨擴大。臺灣選擇言論自由、人權及法治的每一天,都讓我們與獨裁政權漸行漸遠。
🐶Against all odds 強調台灣民主及經濟發展難能可貴。
A story of why values do still matter. 強調台灣跟中國最大的差異:價值。
✍️Authoritarian governments seek to exploit press freedoms unique to democratic societies to sow dissent among us. They hope to make us question our political systems and lose faith in democracy.
獨裁政府企圖利用民主社會的新聞自由,在我們之間挑撥對立,要讓我們懷疑我們的政治制度,好讓我們對民主失落信心。
Taiwan has been on the frontlines of this battle for years, and we have a great deal of experiences to offer to the world.
臺灣多年來一直站在這場戰爭的前線,我們有太多經驗可以與世界分享。
🐶這一段強調台灣在全球資訊戰的價值及經驗,凸顯台灣是美國重要盟邦的重要性。
✍️But democracy faces other challenges as well, especially in the form of economic enticements with hidden strings attached.
然而民主還面臨其他挑戰,特別是暗藏算計的經濟誘惑。
🐶這在講什麼?包括中國對台灣的統戰,也包括中國對其他國家的一帶一路及所帶來的債權陷阱(debt trap)。
✍️So to all the people who ask me how to make the choice between democracy and economic growth, I say the choice is clear: the two are inseparable.
很多人問我如何在民主與經濟成長之間作出抉擇,我的答案很清楚,就是:兩者密不可分。
History tells us that democracies are strongest when united, and weakest when divided.
歷史告訴我們,民主國家團結時最強,分裂時最弱。
🐶這邊改寫了英文寫作常用的名言錦句:United we stand, divided we fall。寫得很漂亮,沒話說。
😄😄😄
我只挑了一些段落跟大家分享,希望大家喜歡,也算是完成發達資本主義時代的打油詩人 交代給我的任務。
忘了說,哥大的黎安友(Andrew Nathan)教授是小英這次訪紐約的靈魂人物,他是友台派中國通的祖師爺級人物,台灣許多教授及政治人物都上過他的課。我在清大就讀中國研究碩士時,Andy(我們都這麼稱呼他)也來清大上過短期講座,現在回想起來,當時能在新竹上他的課真的太幸福了(畢竟清大不在紐約市,學費也不能跟長春藤盟校相比😂)。
半夜兩點了,來睏。(發文的霎那,螢幕跳出喬帥擊敗費爸的新聞,我整個錯過了比賽....😭)
Ps. 本篇文章謝謝打油詩人給我一些靈感,但如果有寫錯的地方,文責當然自負。
(本篇引用的中英文講稿內容來自中華民國總統府官網)
護台胖犬 劉仕傑
Instagram: old_dog_chasing_ball (老狗追球)
同時也有4部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2萬的網紅easonsiu,也在其Youtube影片中提到,劍心第二集黎啦~~~XDDD 現推出流行鼓班優惠,詳情請到: http://www.drumsonlyhk.com/課程/彈性時間%EF%BC%8F自選導師課程/eason-siu/ 越來越鍾意OOR d歌,一來melody好聽,二來d鼓編得好~尤其是d Groove既用法同Fill in既精簡...
「one and only用法」的推薦目錄:
- 關於one and only用法 在 護台胖犬 劉仕傑 Facebook
- 關於one and only用法 在 Goodbye HK, Hello UK Facebook
- 關於one and only用法 在 蕭叔叔英式英文學會 Uncle Siu's British English Club Facebook
- 關於one and only用法 在 easonsiu Youtube
- 關於one and only用法 在 GreenBeautyKoKo Youtube
- 關於one and only用法 在 Brian2Taiwan Youtube
- 關於one and only用法 在 阿滴英文 的評價
one and only用法 在 Goodbye HK, Hello UK Facebook 八卦
"The fundamental question is, are we going to follow the law?"
「拗咩吖,大家仲信唔信法律制度先?」
繼上次問到Twitter老細口啞之後,美國參議員Ted Cruz接受《Fox News》Sean Hannity訪問,評論大選兩邊嘅爭拗同輿論偏頗嘅情況,再提出一個跨黨派政見立場,值得所有人反思嘅問題,到底大家仲信唔信法律制度先?還是靠响social media打嘴炮或者記者講就得㗎?
"The fundamental question is, are we going to follow the law?"
"The way the system works is, you follow the law...You know, one of the frustrating things as a citizen, you see all these tweets going back and forth, you see allegations of this happened, that happened. It's hard to know, it's hard for anyone to know, all right, is this true, what's true?"
(行之有效嘅制度就係法律制度,作為一個國民,最失望就係睇見啲Tweets你來我往,呢個話見到乜乜,嗰個就講物物,根本無人知,亦唔會知真定假,點知咩真相呀?)
"The only way to know is, we have a legal process -- we have state courts, we have federal courts that can hear legal claims."
(要知道真相嘅唯一方法,就係經過法律程序,我地有各級法院去審理呢啲法律上嘅指控。)
"And right now, it is incumbent on the Trump Campaign's lawyers to go in and prove their case in court -- to lay out evidence -- to lay out evidence of illegally cast votes, lay out evidence of what was done right and what was done wrong. And when the process is over, we're going to know the result..."
(去到呢一步,在任總統嘅律師團咪要去法庭去闡述自己嘅理據囉,用證據解釋咩做啱或者乜嘢做錯。當個法律程序完成,大家咪知道結果囉,拗咩呢?)
"Now, the fact that you or I might say that or someone might tweet that -- that's not conclusive evidence. That needs to be determined in a court of law."
(依家我可以响Twitter講呢樣,佢又講另一樣,呢啲唔係可信嘅證據黎㗎,可信與否係要靠法庭決定嘅。)
"It's amazing that reporters are running around screaming, no, no, no, we can't resolve any of these legal matters."
(最「奇妙」就係啲記者四周圍同人講「No, no, no,呢啲問題係唔可以用法律解決㗎」)
其實Ted Cruz提出呢個概念,去到呢刻到底仲有幾多人明白呢?還是為咗個人政見、立場或者喜惡,而忘記咗?
美國國內係咁,國外就更加...
#選皇帝
Photo Source:FoxNews
訪問原片:
https://twitter.com/SenTedCruz/status/1326264919529025538?s=20
one and only用法 在 蕭叔叔英式英文學會 Uncle Siu's British English Club Facebook 八卦
《流利英文的秘密》
叔叔:由今個星期開始,蕭叔叔的明報專欄由biweekly改為weekly,逢星期一刊出,今次大檸樂。
【明報專訊】蕭叔叔成日同學生講:Conquer the small words, and you’ll conquer the language. 學英文,最難學的,係 is am are was were,of for in at with 這類小字,而不是望落去高深,又長又難讀的字。小字通常有連接意念的作用。好多人學講英文,唔係識字唔夠多,而係唔識將意念串連起來,流暢地表達。
譬如我想講:今日要同大家講我最鍾意嘅課題-正確學習 small words 的重要性。英文唔流利嘅人,可能重點字眼都講得足,就係聽落去唔流利,broken,disjointed。錯誤示範:
Today I talk about something I love. It is important to learn small words
這句就是怪,而且不像說英文的人說話。這句蕭叔叔會怎樣說?假如不怕長氣,場合又唔太formal的話(說話不同書寫,說話假如太少廢字,聽落去反而唔自然)。蕭叔叔示範:
Today it’s a bit of a lovely one for me in that I’m talking about the importance of learning small words, and how it’s gonna contribute to your fluency. It’s something that I’ve been obsessed with since I started teaching English.
唔係話咁樣講先叫做好,因為好多人會認為廢話太多,語氣又不夠肯定(如 a bit of a),and this is only one of the countless number of ways to say the same thing,BUT,咁樣講,的確是正常,自然,流利嘅 informal 英文口語。要聽蕭叔叔開口示範,請 follow the link below:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hP4FNDKO6hI&feature=youtu.be
分析一下。A bit of a 是日常口語常用 expression,尤其英國人愛用。In that 意思大概就是「因為」。留意 how it’s gonna contribute to your fluency,這是個 noun phrase,通常用正常詞序,而不用問句的詞序(how is it going to)。留意其中 it’s,a,bit,of,a,one,for, in,that,I’m,about,the,and, how,gonna,to,something,with,since,就是我所謂的 small words。要英文說得流利自然,一定要 conquer 這些小字的用法,反而長字,深字,content字,不難學。
再給大家一個例子。英國首相,保守黨的 David Cameron 最近拍了段短片,講英國新的稅務政策。一開首佢咁講:
Today is called Money Back Monday, and the reason for that is that some of the most important tax and pension changes come into place today in the new financial year. And there’re two that I think are particularly important.
又係時候學 small words。大家知道要留意的字啦?is called,and the reasons for that is that,some of the most,come into place,in the,and there’re,that I think are particularly。這些,才是學習的重點。Again,要聽蕭叔叔示範,follow the link below:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hP4FNDKO6hI&feature=youtu.be
那,small words 怎樣學?多聽多講就可以了嗎?錯。假如身不在全英文的環境,只靠多聽多講,不會進步。聽之餘還要動動腦筋,用腦分析,思考,點解呢句說話要咁講,點解呢度要放呢個字。唔好再只看深字長字啦,remember:Conquer the small words, and you’ll conquer the language。蕭叔叔話嘅。
文︰蕭愷一
作者簡介
蕭愷一,aka蕭叔叔。夢想做男神、現實是大叔的英文教學狂熱分子,law grad,哲學碩士dropout,語言學愛好者,以speak English like an educated native為教與學的終極目標。
蕭叔叔的Facebook專頁《蕭叔叔的英文學會》 :https://www.facebook.com/unclesiu
one and only用法 在 easonsiu Youtube 的評價
劍心第二集黎啦~~~XDDD
現推出流行鼓班優惠,詳情請到:
http://www.drumsonlyhk.com/課程/彈性時間%EF%BC%8F自選導師課程/eason-siu/
越來越鍾意OOR d歌,一來melody好聽,二來d鼓編得好~尤其是d Groove既用法同Fill in既精簡,真係可以從中學到好多野~;)
哩首歌take左我好多次,原因係佢唔同段落d鼓太似,但又有少少唔同,所以好易打錯TvT
好彩最後都完成左~實在太好~~~XPPP
今次主鏡頭換左新相機黎錄,唔知大家睇唔睇得出畫面質素有提升哩?
Enjoy!!!!;D
*My Cymbal setting:
14" K custom Session Hi-hat
17" K Dark Thin Crash
16" K Dark Thin Crash
18" K custom Session Crash stack with 14" K mini China
20" K Ride
8" K custom Dark splash
12" A Special Recording Hi-Hat
(ALL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL IS USED UNDER THE GUIDELINES OF "FAIR USE" IN TITLE 17 & 107 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE.
SUCH MATERIAL REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF THE ORIGINAL OWNER OF THE COPYRIGHT,
AND IS USED HERE FOR THE PURPOSES OF EDUCATION, COMPARISON, AND CRITICISM ONLY.)
one and only用法 在 GreenBeautyKoKo Youtube 的評價
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BeautyKoKo email: smallsimplebeautie@gmail.com
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Let me talk about Hylunia's background. It was formed in 1988. The founder is Dr Link. He could not find any organic and safe skin care products for his daughter who broke out in hives and rashes. Thus he formed his company with dermatologists, physicians and scientists to provide top quality, organic, safe and pure skincare line. Their products are free of Parabens, Grapefruit Seed Extract, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (these three ingredients are always related to cancers), Phthalates, Propylene Glycol and Fragrance (these three ingredients are strong skin irritants that are linked to sensitivities and allergic reactions.
Hylunia Complex C can help you to hydrate, whitening, brightening your skin, minimize the fine lines and wrinkles, retard free radical damage. I have used this Beyond Complex C for three months. I found that my wrinkles in forehead and few freckles were gone. Also, my skin tone was more even. You can apply it around your eyes for removing the fine lines around your eyes.
Since Hylunia Beyond Complex C is a safe products, it is highly recommend for you to use every night especially those who are received Laser, IPL and micro needle treatment. And it is safe for those who have sensitive skin and even for pregnant women. Use only one pump for each time.
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針對發炎及過敏現象,適用於敏感、酒糟鼻、老化及其他各類型肌膚或皮膚疾病
多種強效抗氧化成份有效延緩皮膚衰老
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抗氧化,有效對抗自由基
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成份:L Asorbic酸(維生素C),酯化C,維生素A,維生素E,透明質酸,縮氨酸,脯氨酸,馬尾草,菊花,綠茶,金盞花,薑黃,南瓜籽
用法: 每天早晚使用,或者根據需要, 臉部清潔後, 取出適量精華液於手掌心,輕輕按壓於臉部, 允許滲透到皮膚一分鐘,建議同時使用Hylunia的面霜效果更佳。
使用兩週後,皮膚明顯得到改善。
100﹪原廠貨
BeautyKoKo's Tips: 維他命C最緊要是新鮮及穩定。Hylunia 採用真空包裝處理,確保維他命C每次用的時侯非常新鮮及穩定,同時提供10培抗氧化能力。
Thank you for watching again!! ^^
one and only用法 在 Brian2Taiwan Youtube 的評價
我這個外國人沒想過住台灣我也可以做一件事。。。 學英文!
雖然教英文超過十年,講英文更久,來到台灣我才學到這五個英文單字
有的是因為不是美國的用詞有的是因為用這些詞的頻率很低,有的可能只有台灣在用。
來看看你平常講英文會不會用到這些讓外國人對你”哈???“ 的英文單字!
有經常在用嗎? 留言跟我說~
可以想到別的嗎? 留言跟我說~
覺得我講的不太對? 可以走開。。。 開玩笑啦! 留言跟我說~
很歡迎任何一種反應! 謝謝!!!
***English closed captions on video to come***
I never thought that coming to Taiwan I could do one thing... LEARN ENGLISH!
Even though I've taught English for over 10 years, and spoken it for even longer, I only learned these 5 English vocabulary words after moving to Taiwan.
Some of them I didn't know because they're not used in American English. Some of them I didn't know because we use them VERY rarely in the United States. Some of them may just be used in Taiwan.
Come see if you use these English words that may make a foreigner look at you and go, "Huh???"
Do you use these words often? Comment and tell me!
Do you know any other words like these? Comment and tell me!
Do you think I said something that's not quite correct? Go away... JUST KIDDING! Comment and tell me!
All feedback and opinions are welcome~ Thanks!!!
Facebook:
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可以用Patreon來捐錢讓我比較好繼續做下去為大家做出這些地方的內容~ 收到的每一毛錢都跟大家說非常感謝~
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#布萊恩 #英文 #錯誤
one and only用法 在 阿滴英文 的八卦
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