【 小英的哥大演講 】
前兩天蔡英文 Tsai Ing-wen 總統在哥倫比亞大學Columbia University in the City of New York 的演講感動了許多人,我也一直想要跟大家好好分享對這篇講稿的心得。想歸想,但卻沒時間動筆。
一直到昨天,BBC 中文網(繁體) 有篇談這場演講的報導(後面有一小段引用了對我的訪問),然後發達資本主義時代的打油詩人 跟我在臉書上聊這件事。我們兩個雖然都很想談談這篇講稿,但週末都忙著同一件事:帶小孩(他帶他的、我帶我的)。但再不寫大概就沒人想談了,所以只好趁現在小孩睡覺後開始寫。
前天我曾經在臉書上請大家好好讀這篇講稿,中文英文都要看。有關中文的部分,朱宥勳 已經有很精彩的寫作技巧分析,大家可以去看看。
這一篇貼文會從英文文稿(這場演講是以英文進行的)跟一些比較宏觀的角度切入。
✍️為什麼是紐約?為什麼是哥大?
很多人都知道小英總統是英國倫敦政經學院的博士(好吧,有些人到現在還在懷疑),小英講英文時也有很雋永的英國腔,但大家比較容易忽略的是,紐約(美國)才是她第一個異鄉求學的地方。她當時就讀康乃爾大學Cornell University ,位於紐約州的漂亮小城Ithaca。
所以也許不難想像紐約這個大城市,在當時對一個在台北長大的乖乖牌學生,所產生的人生衝擊。小英不但順利拿到碩士學位,還考過了全美難考的紐約州律師考試(美國的律師考試是不同地方分開考的,難易不一,比較難的一般來說是紐約、芝加哥跟加州)。我想紐約對於小英來說,是充滿許多回憶的。
小英在紐約的公開演講曾說:「這是她第一次以中華民國總統的身份造訪紐約」。從這個背景來看小英的英文講稿,不難發現,前四段事實上是給紐約客(New Yorker)的溫暖起手式:
✍️Receiving an invitation to speak here from such a vanguard of free speech and diversity is actually quite an honor.
能受邀來這所以言論自由及多元包容著稱的校園座談,我實在備感榮幸。
🐶小英在演講的第一句話,就點出了紐約這城市對她的意義:言論自由、多元。
為什麼要特別講這一點?因為她當年就讀Cornell時,台灣發生了美麗島事件跟林宅血案。你可以想像,在多元自由的紐約校園,卻聽到家鄉發生重大事件,內心有多震撼。
✍️ I graduated from Cornell Law School in 1980, and I have to say, being back on a New York campus brings back many memories. Though I’m sure many of you would say that any campus outside of New York City is not really part of New York.
我在1980年畢業於康乃爾大學,再度回到久違的紐約校園,勾起我許多的回憶。雖然,或許在場有人會說,任何紐約市以外的校園都不能算是紐約。
🐶這一段是insider joke,非紐約人可能看不懂,紐約人聽到應該笑呵呵。為什麼?前面已經說了,Cornell位於紐約州的Ithaca,但不是位於紐約市內,所以這個笑話是小英的自嘲:我知道我念的學校沒有位於紐約市(New York City)內,你們一定覺得那不能算是「紐約校園」。說白了,這有點像是天龍國笑話或是「天母是天龍中的天龍」之類的。
講到這,看看哥大的臉書名稱:Columbia University in the City of New York (位於紐約市的哥倫比亞大學),不覺得很幽默嗎?這是在開其他沒有位於紐約市(也許位於紐約州)大學的玩笑。(你能想像台大的臉書名稱說「位於台北的台大」嗎?)
✍️However, I actually lived in the city in the summer of 1979, when I was doing research work for a professor at the East Asia Institute of Columbia University. Later on, I passed the New York Bar examination here, and visited the city from time to time, sometimes on my way to Washington DC for trade negotiations.
然而我在1979年夏天曾經真正住過紐約,協助哥倫比亞大學東亞研究所的一位教授做研究。而我在通過紐約州律師考試後,就更常走訪紐約,有時是在前往華府做貿易談判時會經過紐約。
🐶接續上一段的笑點,打鐵趁熱,小英為自己的「紐約經驗」多加一點正當性。她說她當時曾經協助哥倫比亞大學東亞研究所的一位教授做研究。哥大位於紐約市內,這下總不能說我不是紐約人了吧?
✍️Life in New York in the 1980s was eye opening for a young law student from not quite democratized Taiwan. Diversity and different perspectives were the norm, and looking out across the lecture hall today, I am glad to see that has not changed.
對一個來自當時尚未完全民主化的臺灣的法律系學生來說,1980年代的紐約生活真的令我眼界大開,多元化和不同的見解竟然才是正常。我很高興,從這講台放眼望出去,一切都如此熟悉,絲毫未曾改變。
🐶這一段,事實上講的是台灣當時還沒解嚴,而且發生了美麗島事件。小英講的委婉,沒有指名道姓,只說台灣當時尚未完全民主化。
以上四段,是非常成功的破冰(ice-breaking)。破冰是公共演講的重要技巧,做得好,能夠化解一開始的尷尬與緊張,並連結講者與聽眾的關係。開場做得好,也有助接下來的演講氣氛跟節奏的掌握。
所以好的幕僚真的很重要,也真的能讓你上天堂。幕僚寫稿的功力也在這裡,帶出個人情感(personal touch),讓老闆掌握演講節奏,這是需要專業訓練的。
✍️In the early days of our political transition, some said democracy could not survive in China’s shadow. And Taiwan is now home to a thriving democratic society and political system.
我們在政治轉型初期,很多人說在中國陰影的籠罩下,我們的民主不可能存活下來。然而,現在臺灣已然成為民主社會和政治制度蓬勃發展的居所。
🐶我喜歡survive in China's shadow這個詞的用法,這可以提醒聽眾,今日許多國家,甚至包括美國,都還在擔憂中國的銳實力(sharp power)。西方國家對於要不要禁用華為爭論不休,也可以視為一種中國的陰影。
✍️Some said a resource-poor island of only 23 million people could not become a major economic player. Yet we are now the United States’ 11th largest trade partner.
有人說,人口只有兩千三百萬而且資源匱乏的小島,無法成為經濟的主要推手,然而現在我們已經變成美國的第11大貿易夥伴了。
🐶這是很漂亮的對比,從資源匱乏的小國變成美國的重要貿易夥伴。
✍️Some said progressive values could not take root in East Asian society. Yet I stand here before you as Taiwan’s first woman president, and this year we became the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage.
有人說,先進的價值觀無法於東亞社會生根。但今天,我是以臺灣第一位女總統的身分站在各位面前,而今年臺灣也已經躍為亞洲第一個同婚合法的國家。
🐶progressive這個字,我習慣翻譯成「進步」,但總統府的翻譯為「先進」。這一段很生動的描繪了台灣在性別平權上的進展,對台灣的形象是很好的宣傳。
✍️In short, Taiwan’s story is one of seemingly improbable success. Many call Taiwan a “democratic miracle,” but I don’t believe in miracles. I believe in the will of the people, and their vision for a better world.
簡言之,臺灣就是在不可能的環境下成就了可能。許多人稱臺灣為「民主奇蹟」,但我不是奇蹟的信徒。我相信的是人民的意志,以及對更美好未來的願景。
🐶「奇蹟的信徒」在中文是個華麗的修辭,但英文用的是大家國中都學過的文法:believe 是相信,believe in 是信仰。有沒有 in 差很多。
✍️We are seeing this threat in action right now in Hong Kong. Faced with no channel to make their voices heard, young people are taking to the streets to fight for their democratic freedoms. And the people of Taiwan stand with them.
我們看到這個威脅正在衝擊香港,年輕人沒有管道發聲,只好走上街頭為民主自由拼搏。我們臺灣人民決心和他們站在一起。
Hong Kong’s experience under “one country, two systems” has shown the world once and for all that authoritarianism and democracy cannot coexist.
香港的「一國兩制」經驗,向世界明白揭破了獨裁和民主無法共存的事實。
🐶沒有任何一個場合,比台灣總統親自在美國談香港逃犯條例的議題更適合了。這一點我相信能贏得很多聽眾共鳴。如果真的要挑剔的話,我也許會思考一個問題:加上新疆集中營或甚至西藏議題,會不會比較好?加跟不加都各有利弊,也許文稿小組最後決定讓演講更聚焦。
✍️You begin to censor your own speech, your own thoughts. You no longer discuss current events with your friends, for fear of being overheard. You spend more time looking over your shoulder than you spend looking towards the future.
你開始審查自己的言論和想法,不再和朋友討論時事,因為害怕被竊聽,大部分時間都提心吊膽的前瞻後顧,根本無法好好面對未來。
🐶我喜歡這一段的節奏。也因為這一段,我猜測這篇講稿應該是「以英文寫成,再翻譯成中文」,而非「以中文寫成,再翻譯成英文」。為什麼?因為You spend more time looking over your shoulder than you spend looking towards the future. 用了前面跟後面的修辭。
✍️Our story is one of perseverance, of a commitment to democracy against all odds.
我們的故事是堅毅不撓的故事,是力抗萬難,堅守民主的故事。
Ours is a story of why values do still matter. The cultural and political differences across the Taiwan Strait only grow wider by the day; and each day that Taiwan chooses freedom of speech, human rights, the rule of law, is a day that we drift farther from the influences of authoritarianism.
我們的故事在訴說,為什麼核心價值如此的重要。臺海兩岸在文化及政治上的歧異日趨擴大。臺灣選擇言論自由、人權及法治的每一天,都讓我們與獨裁政權漸行漸遠。
🐶Against all odds 強調台灣民主及經濟發展難能可貴。
A story of why values do still matter. 強調台灣跟中國最大的差異:價值。
✍️Authoritarian governments seek to exploit press freedoms unique to democratic societies to sow dissent among us. They hope to make us question our political systems and lose faith in democracy.
獨裁政府企圖利用民主社會的新聞自由,在我們之間挑撥對立,要讓我們懷疑我們的政治制度,好讓我們對民主失落信心。
Taiwan has been on the frontlines of this battle for years, and we have a great deal of experiences to offer to the world.
臺灣多年來一直站在這場戰爭的前線,我們有太多經驗可以與世界分享。
🐶這一段強調台灣在全球資訊戰的價值及經驗,凸顯台灣是美國重要盟邦的重要性。
✍️But democracy faces other challenges as well, especially in the form of economic enticements with hidden strings attached.
然而民主還面臨其他挑戰,特別是暗藏算計的經濟誘惑。
🐶這在講什麼?包括中國對台灣的統戰,也包括中國對其他國家的一帶一路及所帶來的債權陷阱(debt trap)。
✍️So to all the people who ask me how to make the choice between democracy and economic growth, I say the choice is clear: the two are inseparable.
很多人問我如何在民主與經濟成長之間作出抉擇,我的答案很清楚,就是:兩者密不可分。
History tells us that democracies are strongest when united, and weakest when divided.
歷史告訴我們,民主國家團結時最強,分裂時最弱。
🐶這邊改寫了英文寫作常用的名言錦句:United we stand, divided we fall。寫得很漂亮,沒話說。
😄😄😄
我只挑了一些段落跟大家分享,希望大家喜歡,也算是完成發達資本主義時代的打油詩人 交代給我的任務。
忘了說,哥大的黎安友(Andrew Nathan)教授是小英這次訪紐約的靈魂人物,他是友台派中國通的祖師爺級人物,台灣許多教授及政治人物都上過他的課。我在清大就讀中國研究碩士時,Andy(我們都這麼稱呼他)也來清大上過短期講座,現在回想起來,當時能在新竹上他的課真的太幸福了(畢竟清大不在紐約市,學費也不能跟長春藤盟校相比😂)。
半夜兩點了,來睏。(發文的霎那,螢幕跳出喬帥擊敗費爸的新聞,我整個錯過了比賽....😭)
Ps. 本篇文章謝謝打油詩人給我一些靈感,但如果有寫錯的地方,文責當然自負。
(本篇引用的中英文講稿內容來自中華民國總統府官網)
護台胖犬 劉仕傑
Instagram: old_dog_chasing_ball (老狗追球)
changed to用法 在 Tommy Cheung 張秀賢 Facebook 八卦
眾籌支付誹謗案相關費用
還原721襲擊真相
Crowdfunding Campaign for paying fees in the defamation case
Restore the truth of 721 Yuen Long Attack
2019年7月21日,相信不少人對當晚元朗所發生的事仍舊歷歷在目,亦改變了不少人的一生。我在當晚於手機、電視目擊住於元朗發生的一切,因而決定挺身而出,再次躺進這趟政治渾水,參與區議會選舉,為掃除建制惡勢力出一分力。然而,即使當上區議員,政治打壓令我們工作舉步為艱,我亦在近日收到昔日選舉對手的誹謗案入稟狀。
在此艱困的狀態下,我沒有退讓的空間,只能選擇迎難而上,將事實在法庭當中陳述。我會善用法庭審訊的機會,將有關721事件的真相在法庭審訊羅列出來,將其作為事實核證的一大平台。我亦會把握機會在傳召證人和盤問過程,將721事件的種種疑團,包括事前流傳的信息真確性、白衣暴徒的關係網、政商關係網絡於審訊中一一揭露,真相愈辯愈明。
作為獨立民主派,我並無任何組織支持,亦沒有昔日選舉對手的龐大財政資源。由於法律援助並不涵蓋誹謗案件,我需要一力承擔有關法律經費(包括聘請律師與大律師的費用、法庭相關費用等)。在面對沉重的財政壓力下,我需要向大家籌募訴訟的經費,以應付相關的開支,懇請大家能夠鼎力支持。我將會利用籌募到的款項,用作法律費用和眾籌平台開支之外,同時亦會聘請一名員工專責搜集721證據及重溫不同媒體片段,以助法庭審訊和其他721事件民間調查工作。
假如我最後獲賠訟費或有盈餘,我會將有關餘額和盈餘撥捐予抗爭者支援組織。
A lot of us still relive what happened in Yuen Long on July 21, 2019, as it changed the lives of countless. After witnessing what happened there that evening via live streams on my phone and television, I chose to step forward and, again, devote myself to the political orbit. I thus participated in the district council election and committed to the eradication of the pro-establishment evil forces in the legislature. However, political repression still exists in the district council and hurdles our work - I just received the summons of the defamation suit filed by my former opponent in the election.
My only way out in this time of adversity is to present the facts in court, where I can make use of the court trial as a fact verification platform to state the truth of July 21. I will also seize the opportunity in the process of subpoena and testimony to expose the qualms of July 21, including the authenticity of the information circulated beforehand, the network of the white-shirted thugs, and the complex business-government relationships.
As an independent democrat, I do not have any organizational support, nor do I have vast financial resources as my late opponent does. Besides, since the legal aid scheme does not cover defamation cases, I must pay the legal expenses, including the cost of hiring lawyers and barristers and court fees, on my own. In the face of tremendous financial pressure, I must plead for help by raising funds for litigation from you to meet the legal expenses. I will use the funds for the legal services required and hiring an agent to collect evidence and review media clips of July 21 to help court trials and other private investigations concerning the incident.
If there is a surplus in the final reimbursement of litigation costs, I will donate the remaining balance to the organisation or fund supporting activists.
眾籌目標:80萬
分配如下:
律師及大律師聘請費用:50萬
眾籌平台費用:約5萬
聘請1名員工跟進721檔案:25萬
我將會每3個月發佈財政報告,說明有關開支的使用情況。
Crowdfunding Target: HKD 800,000
Distribution:
Solicitor and Counsel Fee: HKD 500,000
Crowdfunding Platform Fee: Around HKD 50,000
Employ a staff to follow the documentaries and records on 721 attack: HKD 250,000
I will announce the financial report of this fundraising project every three months to explain the expenditure of the funding.
眾籌平台連結:
http://gogetfunding.com/tommycheungdefamation/
銀行帳戶:恆生銀行290-580935-882
轉數快(FPS)識別碼:2904647
changed to用法 在 玳瑚師父 Master Dai Hu Facebook 八卦
《當心被鬼吃了》
Don't Get Eaten By The Ghosts!
(English version below)
時至今日,談鬼依然使人色變。多年前、吾收了一位對玄學及鬼神,又喜歡又害怕的美麗女子為徒。偶爾談起「無形」時,她會緊張地問吾,那裡有無「無形」?現在想起,是有點好笑。好笑於她那時的表情,與「無知」的迷糊。鬼神當然是「無形」的一類,若無結界,任何人的住宅,祂們都可以通行無阻。因此,妳你們的住處,肯定有鬼!
鬼神是佈滿十方法界的,鬼類和人類是沒有多大分別的。唯一的分別是,鬼類已脫離了肉身,而人類還未脫離肉身。鬼類屬低級靈,只要一個咒語、一個想念,就能攝招祂們來。就因如此,那些常圖非份的人,鋌而走險的請鬼、養鬼,好逸惡勞的想要不勞而獲。或許這些「歹徒」並不十分清楚,她他們所請所養的鬼,是和她他們一樣,貪念甚重的,且法力也會增長,會有不受約束的一天。若法力與符力不夠,她他們會被反噬。
過去吾是有幫人處理,被鬼類干擾之事。也曾有婦女欲請吾去其住宅捉鬼及收鬼。其實當時吾是有打算,去「會一會」她宅中的「小朋友」,可惜她接二連三的「做奸犯科」,更何況,她先生是請鬼的人,即不信也沒來請吾,此謂因緣不足也。夫婦倆的起心動念,倒是合了「鬼性」,是問吾如何捉得完,收得完。有可能她他們目前宅中的鬼,會幫她他阻止其他鬼進來也說不一定!哈 哈 哈!
鬼類與人類本來就有界限的。有如井水不犯河水。但因妳你用法術去攝招祂們來,從此祂們就一直跟著妳你。再加上妳你所差遣祂們去辦的事,皆屬惡行的話,妳你身上的鬼氣會越來越重,最終將輪迴的鬼處。拜師又叛師,起心動念皆不敬師、受人恩惠不圖報、貪得無厭、喜佔她他人便宜、辱罵佛菩薩神明,等等等,鬼就每天愛妳你多一些。日寫夜也寫,以文章的慧光照妳你們,希望妳你們正心正念,那就不用當心被鬼吃了。
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Even till this modern age, the reaction when the word ghost is being brought up remains that of an ashen look on the face. Many years ago, I took in a beautiful lady, as my disciple. She has a deep fascination (and fear) of all things Metaphysics and spiritual. Whenever we spoke about the spirits, she would nervously ask me if there was any around her. It always amuses me whenever I recall those conversations with her. It was amusing because of her facial expressions and the look of ignorance. Of course, spirits are without any physical forms, and it is free access for them if no demarcation is done at a house. Therefore I am sure there are spirits in your house!
Spirits are everywhere in the ten realms of existence, and there is not much difference between us humans and the spirits. The only difference lies in their lack of physical form. These ghosts belong to a lower realm, and can be easily summoned by a mantra or a thought.
There are people with wayward intentions, who take the huge risk to summon the spirits and make offering to them, so that the spirits will do their bidding. Maybe they have no idea that the spirits they summoned are like them, with insatiable greed, as that they grow in strength.
These spirits will break free one day, if the powers of the owner and his talismans are unable to contain them. When that happens, the people who summoned them will get devoured instead.
In the past, I had dealt with cases of spiritual disturbance. One female client invited me to visit her house for some ghost-busting. I did have the initial intention to meet the "little friend" in her home, but changed my mind after knowing her bad doings. Her husband was the one who "invited" the ghost for his own gains, and he did not believe in me to invite me personally. Therefore, the affinity is weak.
The thoughts and intentions of this couple matches that of a spirit, so how could I succeed in driving the ghost out? Who knows, this ghost might be able to prevent other spirits from intruding their house! Ha ha ha!
There is a boundary between humans and spirits, just like the water in the well does not cross the path of the water on the river. However, if you summon a spirit via spiritual invocation, it will stick with you forever. The ghostly energy in you will only perpetuate if you command the spirit to help you in wrongdoings.
In the end upon your death, you will be reincarnated in the realm of ghosts. Behavior like disrespect and betrayal of your master, being ungrateful to your benefactors, insatiable greed, taking advantage of others, cursing at the gods and Buddhas, etc, will only make the spirits "love" you more! I write relentlessly day and night, so that the Light of Wisdom will shine on you and inspire righteous and wholesome intentions. Then you would not need to worry being "eaten" alive by the spirits.
www.masterdaihu.com/dont-get-eaten-by-the-ghosts/
Photo credit: Casper Movie
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A temperature over 100.4°F (38°C) most often means you have a fever caused by an infection or illness. Body temperature normally changes ... Fever range在What's ... ... <看更多>
changed to用法 在 fever用法在PTT/mobile01評價與討論 - 醫院診所健康懶人包 的八卦
A temperature over 100.4°F (38°C) most often means you have a fever caused by an infection or illness. Body temperature normally changes ... Fever range在What's ... ... <看更多>