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[RESPON KEPADA ‘BETTER BEER FESTIVAL’: Dari Perspektif Agama Di Malaysia]

Sebelum ini kami sudah mengulas mengenai isu arak di dalam pandangan agama-agama dunia, dan kami berpandangan mengikut konteks Malaysia isu arak tidak relevan jika ia diurus di dalam skop kebebasan beragama. Ini kerana majoriti penganut agama di Malaysia adalah Muslim, Buddhis, Hindu, Kristian, dan Sikh yang mana adalah jelas di dalam kitab ajaran agama ini semua mengharamkan arak.

Di Malaysia masyarakat cina bukan Islam adalah golongan yang mendominasi di dalam mengkonsumsi arak. Tidak hairan kerana minuman ini juga dilihat mula berkembang di China. Merujuk jurnal National Geographic: The Birth of Booze, bukti penciptaan arak terawal ditemui di Jiahu, China. Antara bahan yang digunakan adalah jagung, barli, beras, gandum, anggur, tebu dan lain-lain lagi. Ketika itu China masih mengamalkan kepercayaan shamanisme dan agama tradisi nenek moyang. Ia berlaku jauh sebelum lahirnya agama Buddha di India, dan agama Taoisme serta Konfusianisme di China.[1]

Larangan Arak Dalam Agama Buddha

Di dalam Pancasila (lima sila) ajaran Buddha, sila terakhir menyatakan perlu menghindari minuman yang memabukkan. Sebutan di dalam bahasa Pali

“Suramerayamajja pamadatthana veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami” yang bermaksud menahan diri daripada meminum minuman memabukkan. Dan dari ayat ini terdapat banyak pandangan dari kalangan ilmuan Buddha dalam menghurai larangan ini. [2]

Malah ilmuan Buddhis sendiri seperti Master Hsing Yun dalam bukunya The Five Precepts menyatakan sekiranya seseorang itu mengambil sedikit sahaja minuman keras tetap juga dilarang. Begitu juga dengan ilmuan yang lain:

“The Vibhanga states that even as little as a drop the size of a dewdrop on the tip of a balde of grass is enough to constitute a violation. So, having even small glass of wine, even if it does not make one drunk, is a transgression.”[3]

“It it known that intoxicants even in small amounts can make one less sensitive, heedless and easily swayed by the defilements. As one starts to enjoy getting high on intoxicants, the effect becomes addictive and usage increases.”[4]

Larangan Arak Dalam Agama Kristian

Di dalam Perjanjian Lama terdapat banyak ayat mengenai larangan meminum arak:

a) Imamat 10:9,
b) Bilangan 6:3,
c) Ulangan 29:6,
d) Hakim-Hakim 13: 4,
e) 1 Samuel 1: 15,
f) Amsal 20: 1, 31: 4-6,
g) Yesaya 5: 11, 22: 24: 9, 28: 9,
h) Mikha 2: 11

Manakala larangan-larangan dalam perjanjian baru dalam Injil Lukas 1: 15 dan Efesus 5: 18.

Larangan Arak Dalam Agama Hindu

Ayat yang melarang meminum arak dalam kitab suci Hindu:

a) Rigveda buku 8 hymn 2 ayat 12 ,
b) Rigveda Buku 8 hymn 21 ayat 14,
c) Athravaveda 6: 70: 1,
d) kitab Manusmriti 7: 47-50,
e) Manusmriti: 11: 55,
f) Manusmriti 11: 91.
g) Malah di dalam Kitab Manusmriti juga melarang menjual arak dalam Manusmriti 9: 225.

Di dalam Hindu dibezakan diantara minuman Soma dan juga Sura. Soma ialah minuman yang digunakan untuk ritual keagamaan (zaman Vedik) dan dikatakan ia sejenis minuman memabukkan yang banyak kali disebut di dalam Veda (Rig Veda:1:116:7, 8:2:12, 10:131:4-5) tetapi resepi air ini sudah pupus dan tidak dapat dibuat sekarang. Ada yang mengatakan ia dibuat dari susu dan ada dikatakan ia dibuat dari sebuah pohon yang menjalar di gunung.[5]

Manakala Sura pula adalah minuman beralkohol sepertimana arak-arak yang sedia ada pada hari ini.[6] Menurut Madhavi Bhaskar Kokhatkar di dalam jurnalnya Review: Surā, The Liquor And The Vedic Sacrifice mengatakan minuman Sura atau arak ini dilarang di dalam agama Hindu.[7]

Walaupun Veda membenarkan meminum Soma, pada masa yang sama ia juga melarang meminum minuman yang beralkohol (Sura):

“Minda yang lemah orang yang mengambil daging, minuman keras, dadu di papan judi, lelaki yang ghairah (ni-han) pada seorang perempuan- begitu juga biarkan pikiranmu, wahai yang tak terhindar (aghnya) kuatkanlah anakmu.” (Athravaveda: 6: 70: 1)

Ini menunjukkan bahawa meminum minuman keras adalah dilarang malah di dalam kitab Manusmriti terdapat banyak larangan mengenai larangan meminum Sura:

“Killing a Brahmana, drinking (the spirituous liquor called) Sura, stealing (the gold of a Brahmana), adultery with a Guru's wife, and associating with such (fenders), they declare (to be) mortal sins (mahapataka).” (Manusmriti: 11: 55)

“A twice-born man who has (intentionally) drunk, through delusion of mind, (the spirituous liquor called) Sura shall drink that liquor boiling hot; when his body has been completely scalded by that, he is freed from his guilt.” (Manusmriti 11: 91)

Malah tidak menjadi isu apabila ketua Menteri negeri Bihar, Nitish Kumar mengharamkan arak di negeri majoriti Hindu itu pada awal April 2016.

Larangan Arak Dalam Agama Sikh

Dalam kitab agama Sikh Guru Granth Sahib Ji himpunan Guru Gobing Singh terdapat larangan meminum arak menurunkan kecerdasan dan merosakkan fikiran:

ਜਿਤੁ ਪੀਤੈ ਮਤਿ ਦੂਰਿ ਹੋਇ ਬਰਲੁ ਪਵੈ ਵਿਚਿ ਆਇ ॥

“Drinking the wine, his intelligence departs, and madness enters his mind” (Sri Guru Granth Sahib: hlm 554)

Di dalam agama Sikh juga terdapat 5 larangan asas antaranya:

1) Tidak boleh potong rambut
2) Tidak boleh berkelakuan buruk
3) Tidak boleh merokok
4) Tidak boleh memakan daging yang disembelih
5) Tidak boleh minum arak

Larangan Arak Dalam Agama Islam

Di dalam Islam, jika mahu dibandingkan bilangan dalil larangan minuman keras berbanding agama lain, tidaklah sebanyak terdapat di dalam Bible dan juga kitab-kitab Hindu. Akan tetapi oleh disebabkan muslim itu bermaksud seseorang yang tunduk patuh kepada arahan Allah maka kuantiti bilangan larangan itu bukan perkara utama kerana apa yang utama adalah mereka mengikut segala aturan yang disebutkan di dalam kitab suci. Sebab itu dilihat orang Islam lebih sensetif terhadap larangan ini. Di dalam al Quran terdapat beberapa ayat yang menyebut mengenai larangan arak:

a) Surah al-Ma’idah: 90,
b) b) Surah Al-Baqarah: 219,
c) c) Surah an-Nahl: 97

Amalan Agama Menggunakan Arak

Adapun sebahagian agama animisme dan agama penyembah roh, kebiasaannya mereka akan menggunakan arak sebagai ritual keagamaan mereka. Hal ini boleh dilihat sebahagian besar Cult di Afrika dan masyarakat Afrika Amerika yang menggunakan arak di dalam amalan mereka seperti ajaran Candomble, Kumina, Voodoo, Umbanda, Quimbanda, Santeria dan lain-lain.

Disamping itu juga, terdapat juga ajaran Kristian khususnya yang turut menggunakan arak di dalam ritual mereka. Sebab itu apabila dilihat sebahagian Kristian seperti Black Christ turut menggunakan arak disebabkan sinkretisme amalan masyarakat (animisme) mereka dengan ajaran Kristian yang disampaikan oleh pendakyah Kristian sehingga wujudnya pengambilan arak di dalam agama. Akan tetapi di Malaysia, perkara ini tidak ada dan tidak berlaku. Maka ia tidak boleh menjadi hujah kepada ia adalah anjuran ritual agama.

Kesimpulan

Jika dibandingkan antara kebaikan dan keburukkan dari kesan meminum arak nescaya senarai keburukkannya terlalu banyak untuk disenaraikan. Malah dengan pengambilan arak juga manusia boleh terjebak dengan jenayah yang lain-lain kerana akal mereka sudah tidak stabil lagi. Sebab itu terdapat akta mengenai kesalahan memandu dengan pengaruh alkohol di seluruh dunia. Malah jika difikir secara logik, sekiranya seorang individu yang mabuk boleh memberi kesan yang mudharat kepada orang awam apatah lagi sekiranya perkara itu dilakukan secara besar-besaran, pasti impak dan kesan dari orang yang mabuk itu memberi kesan yang lebih teruk kepada orang awam.

Demikian itu, isu ini tidak relevan hanya dibincangkan di bawah rangka kebebasan beragama kerana tidak ada agama di Malaysia yang ‘membebaskan’ meminum arak. Kedua, isu ini perlu juga dibincang dibawah kesan dan mudharat yang bakal menimpa dari pesta orang ramai yang mabuk boleh memberi impak yang buruk kepada masyarakat. Ketiga, program sebegini tidak menguntungkan masyarakat dan negara malah membawa kepada kerosakkan moral, fizikal dan juga mental masyarakat.

Oleh itu masyarakat masyarakat muslim, buddhis, kristian, hindu, dan sikh yang benar-benar mengikut ajaran agama perlulah bersatu untuk menjauhi bahana arak yang jelas memberi kesan buruk kepada masyarakat. Nilailah isu ini dari sudut yang luas dan bukan sahaja hanya fikir untuk keseronokkan dan keuntungan penjualan arak sahaja.

Seorang manusia yang waras dan rasional sudah pasti akan menjauhi arak. Sebuah kisah sebagai penutup yang diceritakan oleh ilmuan Buddhis Master Hsing Yun dalam bukunya The Five Precepts:

“There once was a man who wanted to “just have a little drink,” but he did not have a dish of food to go with it. Seeing that his next-door neighbour was raising an old hen that was cackling away, he stole the hen and killed it to make a dish to eat while he drank his liquor. Thus he had broken the precepts against killing and stealing in one fell swoop. When the lady of the house next door came home and asked about her hen, the man told her that he had not seen it, thereby breaking the precept against lying. By now the man was a bit drunk, and seeing how beautiful the woman was, he started flirting with her and touching her in an indecent manner."

"Consequently, he also broke the precept against sexual misconduct. It was because of consuming intoxicants that all five precepts were broken in one stroke.”

Dengan hanya bermula sedikit ia boleh menyebabkan manusia melanggar semua hukum hakam dan ia diumpamakan ibu segala kejahatan. Sesuai dengan sebuah hadis mengatakan: الخمر أم الخبائث “Arak itu ibu segala kejahatan” (Silsalat al-Hadith as-Sahiha no: 1854).

Nota akhir:

[1] Lihat – (February 2017) Journal National Geographic: The Birth Of Booze Our 9000 year Love Affair With Alcohol, vol 231 no 2, hlm 48-49
[2] Lihat Aggacita Bhikkhu (2010). The Importance of Being Morally Virtuous, Sasanarakkha Buddhist Sanctuary, Taiping, hlm 65-71 / Lihat Bikhu Dhammavuddho Mahathera, (2011). Pesanan Buddha, Sangha Foundation, Perak hlm 4 / Lihat – (2014). Buddha & Me: For Biginners, Ti-Ratana Buddhist Society, Kuala Lumpur, hlm 41 / Dr. K. Dhammananda, (2002). What Buddhists Believe, Buddhist Missionary Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, hlm 210-211.
[3] Lihat Veberable Fa Xun (2011). One Life Five Precepts, Shi Faxun, hlm 73
[4] Lihat Chan Khoon San (2002). Introductory Course in Buddhism, Selangor Buddhist Association, Kuala Lumpur, hlm 89
[5] Lihat Mark Cartwright (2016). Ancient History Encyclopedia: Soma - http://www.ancient.eu/Soma/
[6] https://beerinindia.wordpress.com/tag/sura/
[7] Madhavi Bhaskar Kokhatkar (1999). Surā, The Liquor And The Vedic Sacrifice, D.K Printworld, India, hlm 140

R&D Team MRM

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Firdaus Wong Wai Hung

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"And those who strive in Our (cause),- We will certainly guide them to our Paths: For verily Allah i

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By Firdaus Wong Wai Hung

2017-03-02 17:38:37 有 1,061 人按讚

[Apa Kata Agama Tentang Arak]

Arak merupakan sejenis minuman yang mengandungi alkohol dan boleh menimbulkan mabuk. Walaupun air itu diminum banyak baru memabukkan, dengan kuantiti yang sedikit pun ia tetap dikira sebagai arak kerana mempunyai ciri-ciri bahan tersebut.

Sejarah penciptaannya agak panjang merujuk artikel National Geographic: The Birth of Booze, bukti penciptaan arak terawal ditemui di Jiahu, China. Antara bahan yang digunakan adalah jagung, barli, beras, gandum, anggur, tebu dan lain-lain lagi.

Agama Dan Arak

Agama datang untuk mengawal manusia dengan hukum Allah agar tidak melakukan kerosakkan di dunia. Ini kerana, arak merupakan ibu segala perbuatan buruk kerana dengan mabuknya seseorang itu akalnya sudah tidak berfungsi dengan waras dan dia boleh melakukan apa sahaja dari luar kawalannya. Malah majoriti agama mengharamkan arak. Sebelum ini, hanya Islam sahaja agama yang terkenal mengenai larangan terhadap minuman keras ini, sebenarnya larangan yang sama terdapat di dalam agama yang lain:

Agama Islam

Di dalam Islam, jika mahu dibandingkan bilangan dalil larangan minuman keras berbanding agama lain, tidaklah sebanyak terdapat di dalam Bible dan juga kitab-kitab Hindu. Akan tetapi oleh disebabkan muslim itu bermaksud seseorang yang tunduk patuh kepada arahan Allah maka kuantiti bilangan itu bukan perkara utama kerana apa yang utama adalah mereka mengikut segala aturan yang disebutkan di dalam kitab suci. Sebab itu dilihat orang Islam lebih sensetif terhadap larangan ini. Di dalam al Quran terdapat beberapa ayat yang menyebut mengenai larangan arak:

a) Surah al-Ma’idah: 90,
b) b) Surah Al-Baqarah: 219,
c) c) Surah an-Nahl: 67

Agama Hindu

Ayat yang melarang meminum arak dalam:
a) Rigveda buku 8 hymn 2 ayat 12 ,
b) Rigveda Buku 8 hymn 21 ayat 14,
c) Athravaveda 6: 70: 1,
d) kitab Manusmriti 7: 47-50,
e) Manusmriti: 11: 55,
f) Manusmriti 11: 91.
g) Malah di dalam Kitab Manusmriti juga melarang menjual arak dalam Manusmriti 9: 225.

Di dalam Hindu dibezakan diantara minuman Soma dan juga Sura. Soma ialah minuman yang digunakan untuk ritual keagamaan (zaman Vedik) dan dikatakan ia sejenis minuman memabukkan yang banyak kali disebut di dalam Veda (Rig Veda:1:116:7, 8:2:12, 10:131:4-5) tetapi resepi air ini sudah pupus dan tidak dapat dibuat sekarang. Ada yang mengatakan ia dibuat dari susu dan ada dikatakan ia dibuat dari sebuah pohon yang menjalar di gunung (Mark Cartwright: Ancient History Encyclopedia: Soma: 2016).

Manakala Sura pula adalah minuman beralkohol sepertimana arak-arak yang sedia ada pada hari ini. Menurut Madhavi Bhaskar Kokhatkar di dalam jurnalnya Review: Surā, The Liquor And The Vedic Sacrifice mengatakan minuman Sura atau arak ini dilarang di dalam agama Hindu.

Walaupun Veda membenarkan meminum Soma, pada masa yang sama ia juga melarang meminum minuman yang beralkohol (Sura):

“Minda yang lemah orang yang mengambil daging, minuman keras, dadu di papan judi, lelaki yang ghairah (ni-han) pada seorang perempuan- begitu juga biarkan pikiranmu, wahai yang tak terhindar (aghnya) kuatkanlah anakmu.” (Athravaveda: 6: 70: 1)

Ini menunjukkan bahawa meminum minuman keras adalah dilarang malah di dalam kitab Manusmriti terdapat banyak larangan mengenai larangan meminum Sura:

“Killing a Brahmana, drinking (the spirituous liquor called) Sura, stealing (the gold of a Brahmana), adultery with a Guru's wife, and associating with such (fenders), they declare (to be) mortal sins (mahapataka).” (Manusmriti: 11: 55)

“A twice-born man who has (intentionally) drunk, through delusion of mind, (the spirituous liquor called) Sura shall drink that liquor boiling hot; when his body has been completely scalded by that, he is freed from his guilt.” (Manusmriti 11: 91)

Malah tidak menjadi isu apabila ketua Menteri negeri Bihar, Nitish Kumar mengharamkan arak di negeri majoriti Hindu itu pada awal April 2016.

Agama Buddha

Di dalam Pencasila (lima sila) ajaran Buddha, sila terakhir menyatakan perlu menghindari minuman yang memabukkan. Sebutan di dalam bahasa Pali “Suramerayamajja pamadatthana veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami” yang bermaksud menahan diri daripada meminum minuman memabukkan.

Malah ilmuan Buddhis sendiri seperti Master Hsing Yun dalam bukunya The Five Precepts menyatakan sekiranya seseorang itu mengambil sedikit sahaja minuman keras tetap juga dilarang. Begitu juga dengan ilmuan yang lain:

“The Vibhanga states that even as little as a drop the size of a dewdrop on the tip of a balde of grass is enough to constitute a violation. So, having even small glass of wine, even if it does not make one drunk, is a transgression.” (Veberable Fa Xun: One Life Five Precepts: 2011: hlm 73)

“It it known that intoxicants even in small amounts can make one less sensitive, heedless and easily swayed by the defilements. As one starts to enjoy getting high on intoxicants, the effect becomes addictive and usage increases.” (Chan Khoon San, Introductory Course in Buddhism: 2002 hlm 89)

Agama Yahudi

Di dalam Perjanjian Lama terdapat banyak ayat mengenai larangan meminum arak:
a) Imamat 10:9,
b) Bilangan 6:3,
c) Ulangan 29:6,
d) Hakim-Hakim 13: 4,
e) 1 Samuel 1: 15,
f) Amsal 20: 1, 31: 4-6,
g) Yesaya 5: 11, 22: 24: 9, 28: 9,
h) Mikha 2: 11

Agama Kristian

Larangan-larangan dalam Perjanjian Lama, dalam perjanjian baru dalam Injil Lukas 1: 15 dan Efesus 5: 18.

Agama Sikh

Dalam kitab agama Sikh Guru Granth Sahib Ji himpunan Guru Gobing Singh terdapat larangan meminum arak:
“Minum anggur menurunkan kecerdasan dan merosakkan fikiran.” (Sri Guru Granth Sahib: hlm 554)
Di dalam agama Sikh juga terdapat 5 larangan asas antaranya:

1) Tidak boleh potong rambut
2) Tidak boleh berkelakuan buruk
3) Tidak boleh merokok
4) Tidak boleh memakan daging yang disembelih
5) Tidak boleh minum arak

Amalan Agama Menggunakan Arak

Adapun sebahagian agama animisme dan agama penyembah roh, kebiasaannya mereka akan menggunakan arak sebagai ritual keagamaan mereka. Hal ini boleh dilihat sebahagian besar Cult di Afrika dan masyarakat Afrika Amerika yang menggunakan arak di dalam amalan mereka seperti Candomble, Kumina, Voodoo, Umbanda, Quimbanda, Santeria dan lain-lain.

Disamping itu juga, terdapat juga ajaran Kristian khususnya yang turut menggunakan arak di dalam ritual mereka. Sebab itu apabila dilihat sebahagian Kristian seperti Black Christ turut menggunakan arak disebabkan sinkretisme amalan masyarakat (animisme) mereka dengan ajaran Kristian yang disampaikan oleh pendakyah Kristian sehingga wujudnya pengambilan arak di dalam agama.

Di dalam bentuk lain pula, berlaku pengambilan arak di dalam agama Kristian disebabkan wujudnya penafsiran yang menyimpang daripada teks-teks Bible. Walaupun Bible melarang mengambil arak, mereka berhujah dengan mengatakan dibolehkan asalkan diminum jangan sampai mabuk. Mereka juga tafsir dengan mengatakan ayat itu diturunkan di zaman dahulu dan situasi pada hari ini tidak sama dengan sekarang malah ada juga menafsir, ayat itu hanya khusus untuk orang Yahudi sahaja dan tidak kepada non Yahudi sebab itu sebahagian mereka membenarkan meminum arak. Malah terdapat banyak lagi tafsiran yang menyimpang.

Itulah antara faktor utama kerosakkan di dalam sesebuah agama. Sinkretisme dari kepercayaan lain dengan mencampur adukkan amalan antara agama dengan agama lain dan juga amalan penafsiran yang liberal sehingga menyimpang dari teks asal.

Kesimpulan

Majoriti agama besar mengharamkan arak. Malah secara logiknya juga manusia menolak akan kemudharatan terhadap pengambilan arak. Jika dibandingkan antara kebaikan dan keburukkannya nescaya senarai keburukkannya terlalu banyak untuk disenaraikan. Malah dengan pengambilan arak juga manusia boleh terjebak dengan jenayah yang lain-lain kerana akal mereka sudah tidak stabil lagi. Sebab itu terdapat akta mengenai kesalahan memandu dengan pengaruh alkohol di seluruh dunia. Sekiranya manusia itu waras akalnya sudah pasti akan menjauhi arak, terutama ia adalah arahan Allah yang melarangnya dan juga ia memudharatkan. Sebuah kisah sebagai penutup yang diceritakan oleh ilmuan Buddhis Master Hsing Yun dalam bukunya The Five Precepts:

“There once was a man who wanted to “just have a little drink,” but he did not have a dish of food to go with it. Seeing that his next-door neighbour was raising an old hen that was cackling away, he stole the hen and killed it to make a dish to eat while he drank his liquor. Thus he had broken the precepts against killing and stealing in one fell swoop. When the lady of the house next door came home and asked about her hen, the man told her that he had not seen it, thereby breaking the precept against lying. By now the man was a bit drunk, and seeing how beautiful the woman was, he started flirting with her and touching her in an indecent manner. Consequently, he also broke the precept against sexual misconduct. It was because of consuming intoxicants that all five precepts were broken in one stroke.”

Dengan hanya bermula sedikit ia boleh menyebabkan manusia melanggar semua hukum hakam dan ia diumpamakan ibu segala kejahatan. Sesuai dengan sebuah hadis mengatakan: الخمر أم الخبائث “Arak itu ibu segala kejahatan” (Silsalat al-Hadith as-Sahiha no: 1854).

Wallahua’lam

R&D Team MRM

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santeria 在 Santería - Wikipedia 的相關結果

Santería also known as Regla de Ocha, Regla Lucumí, or Lucumí, is an African diasporic religion that developed in Cuba during the late 19th century. ... <看更多>

santeria 在 Sublime - Santeria | Xbox 的相關結果

Play "Santeria" by Sublime on any electric guitar. Bass included. This song includes a new Authentic Tone. NOTE: Rocksmith® 2014 game disc is required for ... ... <看更多>

santeria 在 Santeria | Definition, Meaning, History, & Facts | Britannica 的相關結果

Santeria, the most common name given to a religious tradition of African origin that was developed in Cuba and then spread throughout Latin America and the ... ... <看更多>

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#1. Santería - Wikipedia

Santería also known as Regla de Ocha, Regla Lucumí, or Lucumí, is an African diasporic religion that developed in Cuba during the late 19th century.

#2. Sublime - Santeria | Xbox

Play "Santeria" by Sublime on any electric guitar. Bass included. This song includes a new Authentic Tone. NOTE: Rocksmith® 2014 game disc is required for ...

#3. Santeria | Definition, Meaning, History, & Facts | Britannica

Santeria, the most common name given to a religious tradition of African origin that was developed in Cuba and then spread throughout Latin America and the ...

#4. Religion: Santeria - BBC

Santeria (Way of the Saints) is an Afro-Caribbean religion based on Yoruba beliefs and traditions, with some Roman Catholic elements added.

#5. Santeria-歌詞-Sublime (超優合唱團)|MyMusic 懂你想聽的

Santeria -歌詞-I don\'t practice SanteriaI ain\'t got no crystal ballWell, I had a million dollars but I, I\'d spend it all.If I could find that Heina, ...

#6. Things You Should Know About….Santería | Latino Life

Santeria is a belief system that has its roots in Yoruba land, West Africa. During the times of slavery, in the 17th century, this belief system took a ...

#7. Santeria 歌詞Sublime ※ Mojim.com - 魔鏡歌詞

Santeria I don't practice santeria got no crystal ball I had a million dollars but I'd spend it all I could find that heina and that sancho that she's found ...

#8. Santeria - song by Sublime | Spotify

Listen to Santeria on Spotify. Sublime · Song · 1996. ... Open App. Santeria. Song. Santeria. Sublime. 1996. 3:02. Popular Albums by Sublime.

#9. Santeria Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

The meaning of Santeria is a religion practiced originally in Cuba in which Yoruba deities are identified with Roman Catholic saints.

#10. The Santeria Religion, a story - African American Registry

In Santeria Blacks away from the continent developed a way of keeping their old beliefs alive by equating each Orisha of their traditional religions with a ...

#11. santeria - Amazon.com

1-48 of over 2,000 results for "santeria" · Santería: The Ultimate Guide to Lucumí Spells, Rituals, Orishas, and Practices, Along with the History of How ...

#12. About Santería - Museum of Cultural History - UiO

Santería is often described as an animistic religion. The santo Yemayá does not only represent the sea, but is the sea. The santos communicate ...

#13. Sublime's Drummer and Producers on Making 'Santeria'

The Breakdown: Sublime's Drummer and Producers on the Making of 'Santeria'. Drummer Bud Gaugh, Sublime producer Paul Leary and engineer Stuart ...

#14. "Santeria": La Regla de Ocha-Ifa and Lukumi - The Pluralism ...

Given the identification of the Orishas with the saints, it has long been common to refer to these religious practices as Santería, meaning the "way of the ...

#15. Santeria | Etsy

Check out our santeria selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our altars, shrines & tools shops.

#16. Santeria Meaning | Best 3 Definitions of ... - YourDictionary

What does santeria mean? A religion of the Caribbean region that originated in Cuba, based on Yoruban deities worshiped as Roman Catholic saints ...

#17. Santeria in Cuba and the United States - JSTOR

process Santeria became a new syncretized religion. Orishas and Saints. The Yoruba in Africa from which the slaves were taken were a very religious people. They ...

#18. Cuban Santeria Tradition and Practices - Anywhere Travel

Santeria is a distinctly Cuban religion that draws from Catholicism and west African animism.

#19. Sublime: Santeria (Music Video 1996) - IMDb

Sublime: Santeria: Directed by McG. With Sublime, Lou Dog, Floyd Gaugh, Tom Lister Jr.. Sublime performs in the music video "Santeria" from the album ...

#20. Santeria Images, Stock Photos & Vectors | Shutterstock

Find santeria stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection.

#21. Factsheet: The Santería Tradition in Cuba | USCIRF - US ...

Santería is a syncretic religion from Cuba that incorporates elements of Catholicism with the religion of the Yoruba people from West Africa. An estimated 70 ...

#22. In Cuba, Santería flourishes two decades after ban was lifted

Santería was born out of necessity for the people of the Yoruba tradition who were brought to Cuba as slaves starting in the 16th century from ...

#23. Santeria | Modern Taqueria in Seaside Heights, NJ

Santeria is a modern Latin American Restaurant in Seaside Heights, New Jersey whose food and atmosphere aren't afraid to be truly unique.

#24. Santeria from Africa to the New World: The Dead Sell Memories

If we approach Santeria divination ritual not as a type of symbolic representation but rather as a kind of stereotyped performance , what contrasts it with ...

#25. Santeria definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

Santeria definition: a Caribbean religion composed of elements from both traditional African religion and... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and ...

#26. Santeria | Visa Wellington On a Plate

At Santeria, we pride ourselves on offering the highest quality experience: from our authentic wood-fired pizzas, to our fresh pastas.

#27. OPINION: Witchcraft and Santeria are staples of Latinx culture ...

Santeria is defined as “a pantheistic Afro-Cuban folk religion developed from the beliefs and customs of the Yoruba people and incorporating ...

#28. Santería Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com

Santería definition, a religion merging the worship of Yoruba deities with veneration of Roman Catholic saints: practiced in Cuba and spread to other parts ...

#29. 'Santeria' - Sublime - PlayStation Store

Add Santeria by Sublime to your Rock Band™ song library. For music credits, visit www.rockband.com.brbr1-6 playersbrNetwork FeaturesbrNetwork Players ...

#30. Santeria in Federal Prisons: Understanding a Little - Office of ...

Correctional personnel need to understand the nature and practice of the Santeria religion, because many of the 5,000 Cuban nationals incarcerated in ...

#31. Santeria - New World Encyclopedia

Santeria (Santería in Spanish, meaning "Way of the Saints") is a set of related religious systems that fuse Roman Catholic beliefs with traditional Yorùbá ...

#32. Santeria Belfast (@santeriabelfast) • Instagram photos and ...

3537 Followers, 556 Following, 159 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Santeria Belfast (@santeriabelfast)

#33. 600 Santeria Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images

Search from 600 Santeria stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock. Find high-quality stock photos that you won't find anywhere else.

#34. Santeria - Cuba on the Horizon

Santeria · Olodumare/Olorun (the Creator God) · Orishas/Santos (powerful deities/saints) · ancestor spirits (babanlas) · human beings, animals, plants, and things ...

#35. Santeria - Sublime - CIFRA CLUB

Aprenda a tocar a cifra de Santeria (Sublime) no Cifra Club. I don't practice santeria / I ain't got no crystal ball / Well, I had a million dollars, ...

#36. Santeria as a mental health care system: An historical overview

During the last 20 years, Santeria, an Afro-Cuban cult organization which had previously nourished in certain parts of the island of Cuba, has taken root in ...

#37. santeria drumbrute goes afro-cuban - Arturia

SANTERIA DRUMBRUTE GOES AFRO-CUBAN. Discover one of the infinite facets the DrumBrute can take. DrumBrute user, live performer, travelling musician and ...

#38. MayBE Music Bar - Sublime 這人相當喜愛這首Santeria 每次聽 ...

Sublime 這人相當喜愛這首Santeria 每次聽都讓人有很好的心情歌詞沒好好研究但是好像聽到一個字叫punk ass 中文好像可以番已成小痞子或是呸他辣讓我不知不覺的想笑了.

#39. santeria - Urban Dictionary

Santeria, better known as La Regla de Ocha, La Regla Lukumi, or simply "La Relgion" is an Afro-Cuban religion with roots from the Yoruba people of West ...

#40. Santeria S.p.A. - Oh my god! - food, drinks & events in Milan ...

Santeria ha inseguito un sogno: offrire un'ampia panoramica di avvenimenti culturali ad un pubblico eterogeneo per età, istruzione ed estrazione sociale.

#41. What Is Santeria? - Learn Religions

Santeria is a faith that blends West African magic with Caribbean tradition and Roman Catholicism. Learn more about what Santeria is.

#42. Santeria: Its Growth and Changes as a Result of its Major ...

Santeria has its roots in the African religion of Yoruba. Many of Santeria's fundamental beliefs, rituals, and practices stem from this African religion. Due to ...

#43. Santeria Lodge, Santa Teresa Beach – Updated 2021 Prices

Featuring a swimming pool, a shared lounge, a garden and views of the garden, Santeria Lodge is set in Santa Teresa Beach and offers accommodations with...

#44. Santeria Lip Pencil - Melt Cosmetics

Santeria Lip Pencil. Allday/everyday ultra matte lip liner. $17.00.

#45. People practicing Santeria may be dumping headless goats in ...

ATLANTA — Channel 2 Action News is investigating headless goats found floating in the Chattahoochee River. Someone has dumped hundreds of ...

#46. ‎Santeria on Apple Music

Listen to music by Santeria on Apple Music. Find top songs and albums by Santeria including Come On, Baby, You Got What I Need and more.

#47. SANTERIA - Mexican - 2251 Market St, San Francisco, CA - Yelp

Delivery & Pickup Options - 115 reviews of Santeria "Date & Time: Sunday January 31, 2021 @ 2pm Location: Former Finn Town which We Adored Wait Time: Half ...

#48. Santeria Belfast | Coffee & Cocktails

Santeria is a laid back late night café bar complete with irresistible rhythms, funk and soul. Serving classic contemporary cocktails without pretension in ...

#49. Traditional Rhythms of the Bata Drums - The Music of Santeria

書名：The Music of Santeria: Traditional Rhythms of the Bata Drums，語言：英文，ISBN：0941677702，頁數：127，作者：Amira, John/ Cornelius, Steven， ...

#50. Santeria | Eat & Drink, Pubs and Clubs | Visit Belfast

Lively coffee shop and cocktail bar in Belfast city centre. Brought to you by the people behind Voodoo Belfast, Santeria has become a distinguished addition in ...

#51. Sublime – Santeria Lyrics - Genius

Santeria Lyrics: I don't practice Santeria, I ain't got no crystal ball / Well, I had a million dollars, but I, I'd spend it all / If I could find that ...

#52. Santeria and Orishas: An Essential Guide to Lucumi Spells ...

Santeria and Orishas: An Essential Guide to Lucumi Spells, Rituals and African Orisha Deities along with Their Presence in Yoruba, Voodoo, ...

#53. Stream Santeria by tessellated - SoundCloud

Stream Santeria by tessellated on desktop and mobile. Play over 265 million tracks for free on SoundCloud.

#54. What is Santeria? - AboutSanteria

Although it's practiced today by people all over the world, Regla de Ocha is generally defined as an Afro-Cuban religion that originated in what is today ...

#55. Santería Health Systems: Looking at "La Limpieza" - Folklife in ...

Ritual cleansing in the Latin American/Cuban religion santería and how these rites shape and reinforce vernacular concepts of health and illness are ...

#56. santería - Wiktionary

santería (uncountable). An Afro-Cuban religion, somewhat similar to voodoo, based upon Yoruba deities and Roman Catholic saints. quotations ▽.

#57. Santeria: African Spirits in America by Joseph M. Murphy

Santeria book. Read 9 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. Santería represents the first in-depth, scholarly account of a profound way...

#58. "Santeria" lures tourist cash to Cuba | Reuters

A babalawo, a high priest in Cuba's Afro-Cuban Santeria religion, spits rum on a live chicken for a cleansing ceremony at a house in Havana ...

#59. Sacred Rhythms of Cuban Santería

These recordings of Santería drumming and singing rituals feature four Cuban Santería groups calling the gods (orishas) by performing rythmic sequences ...

#60. Santería - Dialogue Institute

Origin & Beliefs. Also known as Regla de Ocha (Rule of the Orishas), the religious practice of Santería emerged as slaves from West Africa ...

#61. Santeria, Culture, and Syncretism in Cuba - Berkley Center for ...

Santeria is a religion developed by enslaved peoples throughout the Spanish Caribbean. Its roots are in the Yoruba traditions of present-day ...

#62. santeria - 英語_讀音 - 海词词典

海詞詞典,最權威的學習詞典,為您提供santeria的在線翻譯,santeria是什麼意思,santeria的真人發音,權威用法和精選例句等。

#63. The Spirit of Santeria - The Washington Post

The Spirit of Santeria ... Minutes before midnight and the prayers begin. First to San Lazaro, or Saint Lazarus, considered a healer of physical ...

#64. World of Santeria includes Southern California - Los Angeles ...

Today Santeria, a blend of Afro-Caribbean voodoo and the devotion to saints among many Latino Roman Catholics, has become so big in Los Angeles ...

#65. Santeria Fly/ Cali Plate - BlackFlys

Santeria Fly/ Cali Plate ... Comes with Black Flys soft bag. Black Flys nylon frames are injected of the highest quality nylon available and ...

#66. The Santeria priest next door - Tampa Bay Times

Priests at Most Holy Name of Jesus Catholic Church in Gulfport, where Garcia is a parishioner, said they were surprised to learn of his Santeria ...

#67. definition of Santeria by The Free Dictionary

Santeria. (ˌsæntəˈrɪə). n. (Christian Churches, other) a Caribbean religion composed of elements from both traditional African religion and Roman Catholicism.

#68. Santeria and Palo Mayombe: Skulls, Mercury, and Artifacts

Santeria and Palo Mayombe are syncretic religions created in the New World based upon African religious beliefs combined with Christianity.

#69. 什么是Santeria？

Santeria 是一个相当复杂的系统，因为它将约鲁巴orishas或神圣生物与天主教圣徒融合在一起。在一些地区，非洲奴隶们得知，如果他们的天主主人相信他们崇拜圣人，那么尊重 ...

#70. Hen Sacrifice At The Center Of Santeria Ritual - NPR

Charles Gaulperin is a Santeria priest and the owner of Botanica El Congo Manuel. The shop sells religious items out of a strip mall in ...

#71. Santeria Magic - Walmart

Shop for Santeria Magic at Walmart.com. ... Llewellyn's World Religion & Magick: Santeria: The Religion : Faith, Rites, Magic (Edition 2) (Paperback).

#72. Santeria: Songs for the Orishas – Grupo Oba-Ilu - Sounds of ...

Recorded by Soul Jazz records in Havana, Cuba and featuring the heavyweight Bata drumming and songs of Santeria. The music is performed by Grupo Oba-Ilu, led by ...

#73. Santeria Is Cuba's New Favorite Religion - VICE

Santeria — or "the worship of saints" — is gaining ground as a popular religious practice in Cuba. Developed in the African slave communities of ...

#74. CASTRO REGIME LETS SANTERIA THRIVE IN CUBA - Sun ...

HAVANA -- The babalao -- or high priest of Santeria -- drank a sip of rum, sucked on a cigar and blew a cloud of smoke over the darkened ...

#75. Santeria - Sublime - VAGALUME

I don't practice santeria. I ain't got no crystal ball. Well, I had a million dollars but I I'd spend it all. If I could find that heina

#76. After Years of Secrecy, Santeria Is Suddenly Much More ...

Article discusses growing popularity of Santeria, religion created several centuries ago by West Africans enslaved in colonial Cuba and ...

#77. The Focus of Cuban Santeria - The University of Chicago ...

T HE WORSHIP of African deities, as it is practised in Cuba today, is known as santeria. The deities and the men and women who work with them are.

#78. Santeria

a brand new Woodfire Pizza & Pasta Restaurant on iconic Cuba St Wellington. FRESHLY made Pizza | FRESHLY made Pasta | Quality is EVERYTHING here at Santeria.

#79. 1451 Santeria Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty ...

Find the perfect Santeria stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Select from 1451 premium Santeria of the highest quality.

#80. Graverobber or Santeria Priest? - The Daily Beast

Medina claims he's a Santeria priest and was using the skeletons in a healing ritual, but Santeria experts tell The Daily Beast such a ...

#81. Santería Aesthetics | Encyclopedia.com

SanterÍa Aesthetics Santería aesthetics is a Yoruba-American artistic expression rooted in the history of enslaved Africans' desire to preserve their ...

#82. Santeria Double IPA - Tin Roof Brewing Co.

Santeria Double IPA. Imperial IPA. Our brewers are practicing that Santeria beer magic again! Brewed with Two Row ...

#83. 5 Starter Facts About Santería - Interfaith Alliance

Santería (Way of Saints), also known as La Regla Lucumi or the Rule of Osha, is an Afro-Caribbean religion from Yoruba traditions mixed with Roman.

#84. Santería Enthroned : Art, Ritual, and Innovation in an Afro ...

Book Description. Ever since its emergence in colonial-era Cuba, Afro-Cuban Santería (or Lucumí) has displayed a complex dynamic of continuity and change in ...

#85. Cuba's Santería faithful experience Pope Francis's visit ...

“This is not just religion; it's Cuban culture. Like our music, it is a mix of Spanish and African,” said Johnny Hernández, a babalawo (Santería ...

#86. Interview with a Santeria Priestess - The Hairpin

So, Lucumi is a better term for my practice than Santeria, and it is actually, at the core, a monotheistic tradition. We believe that there is a ...

#87. Bradenton couple's business fills a niche for Santeria ...

Entrepreneurs Vicky and Gabriel Baeza Hasbun opened a Santeria shop in Bradenton two years ago. They say they're getting interest from ...

#88. Understanding Santería and Afro-Cuban spiritual traditions

Derived from African religions brought by Yoruban slaves to the New World, what's now called Santería simply means “the way of the saints” in ...

#89. The religion has flourished since a favorable 1993 Supreme ...

Santeria has long been controversial, chiefly because of the animal sacrifices. Brought by slaves to Cuba from Yoruba, now Nigeria, santeria ...

#90. "SANTERIA" Ukulele Tabs by Sublime • UkuTabs

Ukulele chords and tabs for "Santeria" by Sublime . Free, curated and guaranteed quality with ukulele chord diagrams, transposer and auto scroller.

#91. Santeria - Translation into Polish - examples English

Translations in context of "Santeria" in English-Polish from Reverso Context: What about the Santeria curses we found at your girlfriend Alissa's condo.

#92. An Initiation to Santeria in Cuba - Havana Times

HAVANA TIMES — I've known Leosnel Aguilar Padron for more than ten years. I never suspected he would one day become initiated to Santeria. I ...

#93. Santeria - LatinAmericanStudies.org

ARTICLES: Lefever, Harry G. When the Saints Go Riding In: Santeria in Cuba and the United States (Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Sept. 1996)

#94. Santeria: From Africa to Miami Via Cuba; Five Hundred Years

Santeria is an ancient religion with African roots. The slaves ... Santeria, a Cuban religious cult of Nigerian and Catholic origins which.

#95. Demystifying Santería, One of Cuba's Liveliest Religions

Santería, a Spanish word meaning “worship of the saints,” incorporates elements of African religion with Catholicism.

#96. How Santeria Brings Hope To The New Yorkers Who Need It ...

Here, Rudy Guardiola, an Afro-Cuban santero — a priest in Santeria, a religion descending from indigenous African spiritual traditions — ...

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santeria 在 Firdaus Wong Wai Hung Facebook 八卦

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santeria 在 Bryan Wee Youtube 的評價

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santeria 在 Travel Thirsty Youtube 的評價

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