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模E的閱卷老師請俐媽提醒高三學測考生，作文千萬別犯run-on sentence/ comma splice的錯誤，可是大扣分呢‼️
📌俐媽附註：
run-on sentence/ comma splice就是兩個句子之間少了連接詞。
另外作文常見大忌：
❌時態混亂
❌動詞變化(Vr, Ving, to V, Vpp...)誤用
❌一句有兩個動詞or沒有動詞
❌一個句子寫完不用句號斷句，N個逗號峰峰相連到天邊
❌詞性亂背誤用
❌子句(形容詞、名詞、副詞子句)用錯
❌分詞構句的Ving/Vpp與後面主詞不符(即該主詞無法執行/承受該動作)
❌not only...but also...接的詞性/結構忘了對稱
❌拼字錯誤，連帶用法、介糸詞、搭配詞群魔亂舞
❌轉折語氣詞誤用或never使用
❌全文主詞亂飛不一致
❌還有、還有、還有、還有⋯學長/姊及閱卷老師請接力！
[詞彙區別] rather than 與 instead of 的用法區別
1. instead of 是介係詞，意思為「代替; 寧願」，instead of 需搭配名詞或動名詞 (ving )。
He chose tea instead of coffee.
他選擇了茶，而不是咖啡。
Instead of punishing George,* his father praised him for his honesty.
George的爸爸不但沒有處罰他，反而還稱讚了George的誠實。
*instead of 放在句首時，記得要打逗號，以區分主句和 instead of 片語。
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2. rather than 當連接詞時意為「是…而不是…」
We use “rather than” to give more importance to one thing when two alternatives or preferences are being compared.
當句子中針對2個選項在進行比較的時候，我們常會運用 rather than 這個連結詞去加強其中一件事情本身相對較高的重要性。其前後所連接的兩個字在詞性和結構上必須相稱。
He was happy (adj.) rather than sad (adj.).
他是快樂而非難過的。
She ate her meal slowly (adv.) rather than quickly (adv.).
她慢條斯理地而不是快速地用餐。
Can we come over in the morning (prep. phrase) rather than at night (prep. phrase)?
我們可以早上而不要晚上過去嗎 ?
She wants to be a professor (n.) rather than a high school teacher (n.).
她想要成為的是一位教授，而非一位高中老師。
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3. 另一個常見的用法是would rather...than...，指「寧可…而不願….」，此處的rather than也是被當成連接詞作使用，其後接原形動詞。「寧願…而不願…」句型中的rather than通常不會被放在句首，常用的表達方式如下：
I would rather stay home than go out tonight.
我寧願待在家也不要和你出去。
She would rather play the drums than sing.
比起唱歌，她寧願打鼓。
I would rather sing a song than dance on stage.
我寧可唱首歌也不要上台跳舞。
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4. rather than 可作「介系詞」用，表「而不是…」之意，其句型為：rather than ( = instead of ) + n / v-ing*
Sometimes John drinks orange juice rather than ( = instead of ) milk.
John 有時候會喝柳橙汁，而不是牛奶。
Tina went to bed early rather than ( = instead of ) staying up late.
Tina 早就上床睡覺了，而沒有熬夜。
*有一些人會認為 rather than 後面接動名詞是非正式用法，請看以下的說明。
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※注意
A. 當 rather than 連接兩個字詞做為句子的主詞時，其動詞單複數變化須以第一個字詞為主。
The teacher (subject) rather than the students is (verb) to blame.
該受責備的是老師而不是學生。
B. 當主要子句有動詞，不定詞 (to v.) 時 to 在 rather than 後通常省略，rather than 後直接搭配原形動詞 (此時 rather than 被當成對等連接詞，其前後所連接的兩個字在詞性和結構上必須相稱) 。
He prefers to walk (to v.) rather than (to) run (v.).
他想要用走的，而不是跑的。
C. 當主要子句有動詞，rather than 後可接動詞。此時 rather than 視為連接詞。
He walks (v.) rather than runs (v.) to school every day.
他走路，而不是每天跑到學校的。
主要的動詞是過去式或是過去分詞時，rather than 後可接動名詞 v-ing（此時 rather than 被當成介系詞)。原因是有些人覺得對稱構句如果被應用在這裡並不適當，而另一方面，連接動名詞 (v-ing) 也可有加強敘述事件內容的含義。
The American Heritage Book of English Usage: A Practical and Authoritative Guide to Contemporary English: http://goo.gl/BF3VZa
Rather than ending the controversy, the results of the study added to it.
Rather than paying the taxi fare, he walked home.
Why didn't you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own?
She made students think for themselves, rather than telling them what to think.
Rather than studying Chemistry we decided to study Anatomy
rather than 後可接動名詞 (v-ing)
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/rather
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/rather?q=rather+than&searchDictCode=all
http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/rather_1
http://blog.cybertranslator.idv.tw/archives/2847
E. 有些人會認定說 rather than 只能被當成連結詞去做使用，不太會被當成介系詞。但其實在日常生活的應用上並沒有甚麼區別。
我的建議是:當你在考試的時候，如果將 rather than 當成連接詞的話，就必須要確認其前後所連接的兩個詞彙，它們在詞性和結構上必須要相稱；那另一方面，把 instead of 和動名詞及名詞片語搭配使用。當然，你最好還是要能夠去區分這兩種用法在詞意上實際的差異，所以，前述的建議是要幫助各位同學在面對考試的過程中，穩扎穩打，不輕易失分。
F. Rather than 和 instead of 在被當成介系詞使用時，還會有另一項差異: rather than 常被用來表達人物對於句子中，rather than 前方選項的偏好；而 instead of 則是以替代性質的詞意為主。
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Sources:
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/would-rather-would-sooner
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/rather?q=rather+than&searchDictCode=all
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rather%20than
www.azargrammar.com/GerundsInfinsImpRules.pdf
http://josecarilloforum.com/forum/index.php?topic=6136.0
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/ratherthan.html
http://blog.cybertranslator.idv.tw/archives/2847
http://www.learnerhall.org/2012/11/insteadinstead-ofrather-than.html
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詞彙區別: http://goo.gl/xnhtQg
【喬的回顧系列：英文中十個常錯的用法！】
喬今天要請各位同學來回顧這一篇，也許很多人也犯過同樣的錯，一起來溫故知新或者警戒自我吧！
<十個英文文法常犯的錯誤>
喬今天幫各位整理常犯文法錯誤之中文版以及自己以前批改學生作業的經驗，在這邊跟各位同學做分享，祝各位寫作越來越好：
1. affect與effect的混淆
這兩個字往往造成很大的響應，因為太多人把他們搞錯了。於是來好好講解一下。
[1] effect (n.) = a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause 「效應」、「影響」
例1: The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.
例2: I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn’t have any effect.
例3: I think I’m suffering from the effects of too little sleep.
[2] effect (V.) = cause (something) to happen; bring about 「使(某事)發生：導致」切記不是「影響」的意思，許多字典上也會告知讀者不可以跟”affect”混用
例: The new machines finally effected the transition to computerized accounting last spring.
[3] affect (V.) = have an affect on; make a difference to 「影響」「侵襲」「感染」「打動」
例1: Both buildings were badly affected by the fire. 「侵襲」
例2: The divorce affected every aspect of her life.「影響」
例3: It’s a disease which affects mainly older people.「侵擾」
例4: I was deeply affected by the film. (= It caused strong feelings in me). 「打動」
*以上例句採自”dictionary.cambridge.org”與“dictionary.com”
2. 把than寫成then
這點真的超多人會寫錯：than是「比」的意思；而then是「然後、接著」的意思
(O) His dog is more adorable than mine.
(X) His dog is more adorable then mine.
3. fewer與less的用法搞混
要闡述”比較少”的概念，這兩個詞常常被搞混
fewer (adj.) + 可數名詞 He keeps fewer dogs than I do.
less (adj.) + 不可數名詞 He had less soup than I did.
* 值得一提的是，如果是想要用”number”這個詞來表達”較少的數目”，可以說”smaller number”，為何用”smaller”呢？根據維基百科( goo.gl/f3vRxA)，對於number要使用fewer還是less似乎有不少的爭議，可自行前往該網站觀覽，但是smaller number是不會錯的用法。
4. 搞混few, a few, little, a little的用法
這四個字詞的確很繞口，但是只要把握大原則就不會用錯了。
few (adj.) = nearly nothing 幾乎沒有 + 可數名詞
a few (adj.) = some but not many 很少 + 可數名詞
little (adj.) = nearly nothing 幾乎沒有 + 不可數名詞
a little (adj.) = some but not much 很少 + 不可數名詞
5, 分詞構句前後主詞不一致
例： (X) Bursting into tears, I tried to comfort Nancy.
這句話的中文翻譯會變成：
「當我嚎啕大哭，我嘗試著去安慰南希。」整個變得很奇怪而且沒有邏輯，分詞構句使用正確是加分的，但是主詞不一會變得很難懂。
(O) When Nancy burst into tears, I tried to comfort her.
6. 常常會把lie與lay搞混了，其實很多美國人也會搞混，所以多注意吧！
lie (V.) 說謊
lay (V.) 放置; 鋪設
"說謊": lie-lied-lied (現在分詞:lying)
"躺": lie-lay-lain (現在分詞:lying)
"放置": lay-laid-laid (現在分詞:laying)
7. 使用雙引號的時候，句號逗錯地方，逗號要逗在雙引號裡面：
(X) “You are fabulous”.
(O) “You are fabulous.”
8. 否定的”也”，要用”nor”不用”not”
例: He didn’t go to the party, nor did I.
9. everyday與every day
everyday是形容詞，表示每天的；every day是副詞，表示每日、每天
(O) He wakes up at 8: 00 every day.
(X) He wakes up at 8:00 everyday.
10. 搞混Borrow跟lend的用法，兩者的差別其實很好記！
borrow (V.) take and use (something that belongs to someone else) with the intention of returning it 借入
lend (V.) grant to (someone) the use of (something) on the understanding that it shall be returned 借出
