看到紐約時報這標題,精神都來了
#作息破壞者 浩爾 解析大仁哥專文
Taiwan’s Weapon Against Coronavirus: An Epidemiologist as Vice President
台灣對抗武漢肺炎的武器:流行病學家副總統
這句話,帥:
 “Evidence is more important than playing politics,” he said in a recent interview in Taiwan’s capital, Taipei.
「實證比玩政治來得重要。」他近期在台灣的首都台北受訪表示。
——
人物側寫這樣寫

Mr. Chen, 68, with his frizzy gray hair and a toothy smile, is known affectionately in Taiwan as “elder brother,” and many people credit him with helping the island avoid the large-scale infections and deaths from the coronavirus that have overwhelmed many countries.
好可惜竟然沒有寫他是聖墓騎士
大家都認識大仁哥,這段我就不翻譯
選幾個有意思的表達方式:
frizzy gray hair 捲捲灰髮
toothy smile 露多齒的微笑
credit him with 歸功他
He has embraced his rare dual role, using his political authority to criticize China for initially trying to conceal the virus even as the scientist in him hunkers down to analyze trends in transmission.
他擁抱自己罕見的雙重角色,一面是運用政治權威(官員身份)抨擊中國初期試圖隱匿病毒,一面則是科學家身份投身分析病毒傳播趨勢
dual 雙重的
conceal 隱藏
hunker down 蹲下,在此我引伸翻譯為投身
——
大仁哥の期許
Now Mr. Chen hopes Taiwan can play a leading role in helping the world recover from the virus and restart economic growth. He is overseeing efforts to develop a vaccine and produce tools like rapid coronavirus testing kits.
他期望台灣能扮演全球領導角色,幫助世界抗疫、康復,重振經濟成長。他監督著疫苗的研發,製造快篩組等工具。
recover from 康復
develop a vaccine 研發疫苗
rapid testing 快篩
——
面對猛烈批評,他的風度如何?
“He wears the clothing of professionalism but deviates from the rigorous precision of science and blatantly speaks nonsense and fabricates rumors,” said a recent commentary by Xinhua, China’s official news agency. “The nature of it is particularly vicious.”
中國官媒新華社近期評論:「披著專業外衣,背離科學嚴謹,公然胡說造謠,性質尤為惡劣。」
Mr. Chen laughs at the criticism.
他笑了。
“China has to be focused more on Covid-19 control rather than politics,” he said.
回應:「中國務必專注控制疫情,勝於關注政治。」
讀到這,我笑了。
——
很喜歡結尾
On May 20, Mr. Chen will step down as vice president. He plans to return to academia and says the coronavirus will be a focus of his research.
520,他即將卸任副總統。規劃將重返學界,且表示武漢肺炎將成他研究焦點。
academia 學術界
📝 補充:中研院的英文 Academia Sinica 是拉丁文,字面意思是中華學術院。拉丁文是後位修飾(形容詞放在名詞後面的意思,法文就有沿襲這項特色)
這段話很有智慧
“I pray to have the courage to change what we can change,” he said, noting the effort to produce better tests, drugs and vaccines. “We have to accept what we cannot change.”
「我祈禱能擁有勇氣改變我們能改變的事情」他說,意指努力產出更好的檢測、藥物以及疫苗。「我們必須接受我們無法改變的事情。」
——
喜歡這樣的分析嗎?
訂閱就有每日語音導讀
不過不是導讀紐時
而是跟華爾街日報合作
留言 +1 就送你優惠訊息和試聽
原文在留言區
歡迎分享
#作息破壞者
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2萬的網紅賓狗單字Bingo Bilingual,也在其Youtube影片中提到,想要說一口好英文嗎?你需要訂閱賓狗的嘖嘖計畫!https://www.zeczec.com/projects/bingobilingual · 你聽得懂的全英文 news podcast · 為你把複雜的文法,變得簡單好入口 · 讓你的英文發音更漂亮 1【teapot 茶壺】— 名詞 South...
develop名詞 在 Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文 Facebook 八卦
★ 結構可以再更平行 Not only...but also ---修辭篇★
英文的句子就像天枰一般,追求"平行",這樣的準則在英語修辭學中,是很被要求的,更為極為重視"寫作語法嚴謹度"的西方主流平面媒體所重視 (e.g. The New York Times, Newsweek, Harvard Business Review, Foreign Affairs)。
Note: 在眾多修辭結構當中,特別以
"which/that 的用法"
"平行結構"
"比較句構"
"特定字的capitalization"
"代名詞指代"
"it/so/that 用來指代時的區分"
"only/almost 等複詞的擺放位置"
"標點符號用法" 中最可以看出該報社所依循文法修辭規範的嚴謹度。
例如,下面兩段文字都截取字知名平面媒體,但其平行結構的使用,其實都沒有到位。
(1) The Huffington Post 04/15/2014
Two high schoolers made headlines for not only receiving acceptance letters from Harvard, but from several Ivy League schools.
---句子裡的 not only...but 是典型需要接上平行結構的句子架構,但很明顯的 not only 後面 跟 but 後面的東西並不對等 ("receiving" 跟 "from"); 因此,若改成如此會更精準:
Two high schoolers made headlines for receiving acceptance letters not only from Harvard, but also from several Ivy League schools.
這樣形成了 not only + 介係詞片語 but (also) + 介係詞片語的精準平行結構句子。
(2) Fast Company (被英語島雜誌所引用)
The city also recently collaborated with MIT to develop a smart bike equipped with sensors to deliver to provide real-time info to NOT ONLY the rider BUT ALSO to administrators for open date aggregation on issues of....
同樣的 not only...but also 結構,後面又接了文法結構不對等的東西 ("the rider" 跟 "to administrators")
應該改成:
provide real-time info NOT ONLY to the rider BUT ALSO to administrators...
這樣形成了 not only + 介係詞片語 but (also) + 介係詞片語的精準平行結構句子。
結語:
英文裡面有很多文法結構都需要平行,像是
between A and B, both A and B, either A or B, In contrast to A, B...., A differs from B, distinguish between A and B, A rather than B, not only A...but also B...很多很多,寫作的時候為確保有平行,把這些架構特別抓出來,單獨看 A 與 B, 兩者需要在文法結構上相同 (不可以一個分詞 一個介係詞片語), 如果相同時,才是比較嚴謹的平行結構。
develop名詞 在 Hunter 物理治療師 Facebook 八卦
【踮起腳尖痛,腳踝也會有夾擠問題?】
(這次文章內容稍長,若懶得看文字內容可直接觀看影片)
大家應該對於肩夾擠、髖夾擠這兩個名詞不陌生,但你有聽過腳踝夾擠嗎?夾擠指的是我們的骨頭過度擠壓到周遭的軟組織,可能是肌腱、韌帶或是滑液膜等等,造成疼痛或角度受限。夾擠是一個症候群,並非一個特定的病症,夾擠症候群底這個名詞底下,可能夾到的組織不同,造成的原因歧異度也非常大,造成評估上其實並不是那麼容易。腳踝夾擠雖然沒有像肩夾擠一樣有被正式分類成不同的夾擠類型,但仍能根據症狀呈現的方式跟解剖構造簡單分為前夾擠跟後夾擠,若還要再細分還會分前內側、前外側夾擠,以及後內側、後外側夾擠。
前側夾擠的症狀主要出現在腳踝背屈末端角度的時候,脛距關節 (Tibiotalar joint) 前側的組織受到擠壓。腳踝前側的有不少脂肪、滑囊組織,正常情況,這些組織會在腳踝背屈15度過後受到擠壓,但如果在遠端脛骨前側或是距骨頸有增生的骨頭的話,便可能限縮前側的空間,讓組織提早受到壓迫。如果長期在這角度下活動,就可能進一步造成慢性的發炎,或是造成關節囊韌帶的增生。除此之外,如果腳踝曾經扭過傷,造成韌帶或皺襞增厚的話,也是可能造成前側夾擠的原因之一。
雖然這些解剖構造上的變化已有多篇文章有所描述。但造成這些組織增生的原因卻仍不是很清楚。因為運動員有比較高的比例有這樣的問題,有些學者認為前側夾擠可能是因為頻繁地做出大角度的背屈,或是因為運動過程中受到的外力,讓前側軟骨邊緣反覆受到衝擊所造成。也有些學者認為,踝關節的不穩定,造成關節有不正常的微小滑動,也是一個可能造成骨質增生、或是軟組織受到夾擠的的原因。另外在比較早期的文章,一開始學者認為前側的骨質增生可能是來自於頻繁地蹠屈,牽拉到關節囊,進而造成關節處的增生,只是這樣的假設被後來的研究給推翻了。
因為前側夾擠症狀大多是在腳踝背屈的末端角度下出現,上樓梯、跑步、走上坡、爬梯還有深蹲是幾個比較容易會加劇前側疼痛的活動。若未接受妥善治療,在症狀後期可能會因為組織的增生或疼痛,造成更進一步的活動度受限、夾擠和周圍組織的傷害,再回頭限制關節活動度與功能,形成惡性循環。
後側夾擠的症狀主要出現在腳踝蹠屈到末端角度的時候,脛距關節與距跟關節後側的組織受到擠壓。後側夾擠常出現在需要頻繁把腳踝往下壓的人身上,像是芭蕾舞者、需要頻繁跳躍的運動員等等。與前側夾擠雷同,後側夾擠可能是骨質或是軟組織的夾擠,或是兩者同時存在。距骨後外側 (trigonal process) 的骨質增生是比較常被認為導致後側夾擠的原因。除此之外,頻繁的將腳板大幅度的往下踩,可能會導致後側關節囊、後下脛腓韌帶、三角韌帶的後側韌帶發炎,產生疤痕組織,進而造成組織增厚。另外我們的屈足拇長肌的肌腱經過距骨後側的內、外骨突中間的凹槽,也很容易因為過度使用,或是周遭骨質的增生,造成肌腱病變,像是肌腱或腱鞘炎的問題。
與前側夾擠的疼痛大多較為淺層、可觸摸的到相反,後側夾擠的症狀通常較為模糊,比較難有一個特定的單點疼痛,而且位置較深,通常落在阿基里斯腱底下。這也讓後側夾擠不容易和阿基里斯腱或是腓骨長肌的問題做區分。因為症狀出現在腳踝往下踩的時候,走下坡、下樓梯或是穿鞋跟較高的鞋子是幾個容易誘發症狀出現的活動。芭蕾舞者之所以比較容易出現這樣的症狀,被認為是因為需要頻繁的做出踮腳站,承重在前足的關係。
雖然影像檢查出來的骨質、軟組織的病變被認為是可能導致腳踝夾擠的原因之一,但實際上研究還是有提到,我們仍然不能光靠這些影像結果證據就判斷踝關節是否夾擠。影像檢查與我們的症狀表現之間的相關程度有限,仍需要結合其他理學檢查做綜合判斷才行。針對踝關節夾擠的介入,目前比較常見的作法仍是先採取保守治療,若在急性疼痛期,需要先避免會造成疼痛的動作,有必要的話也會使用消炎藥來控制疼痛。在非急性期,甚至是已經是慢性問題的個案,我們則需要著重在踝關節穩定、本體感覺的訓練上,畢竟前面有提到,踝關節不穩、扭傷都是可能造成夾擠的原因之一。與其他肌肉骨骼問題一樣,即使解剖構造上的異常也會被認為是造成踝關節夾擠的原因,但大多數的個案都能在不開刀的情況下有很好的進步。若有類似的狀況,一樣記得先找醫療人員的協助,避免症狀隨著時間越變越嚴重。底下的影片 (6:52) 將跟大家分享幾個簡單的踝關節穩定與本體感覺的訓練。
Impingement syndrome is a common musculoskeletal problem in shoulder and hip joints. But have you ever heard of ankle impingement? Impingement syndrome refers to abnormal contact of bony structures or soft tissue, e.g., tendon, ligament, synovial tissue, resulting in pain and restriction. Through different causes of impingement syndrome, it includes different medical signs or symptoms. Therefore, causes of impingement syndrome differ from person to person, making it more difficult to make a right diagnosis. Although ankle impingement is not officially classified into different types like shoulder impingement, researchers still sort it into anterior and posterior impingement according to anatomical structures are involved. More specifically, it can be classified into anteriomedial, anteriolateral, posteriomedial and posteriolateral impingement.
Symptoms of anterior ankle impingement are generally induced by compression of anterior margin of tibiotalar joint in terminal dorsiflexion. There are adipose and synovial tissues in the anterior joint space. Normally, these tissues are compressed after 15 degree of dorsiflexion in healthy individuals. However, if there is osteophyte at anterior distal tibia or talus neck, it will take up the space and limit ankle movement, causing early compression. This will result in chronic inflammation, synovitis, and capsuloligamentous hypertrophy. Apart from this, ankle sprain, thickened anterior tibiofibular ligament and synovial plica are also possible causative factors.
Even though structural pathologies are well described in much research, their exact etiologies are still less understood. Research showed that athletes are tend to affected by anterior impingement, and it led to hypothesis that pathologies are caused by repetitive impact injury to anterior chondral margin from hyper-dorsiflexion or direct impact during sports. Chronic ankle instability has also been hypothesized to be the causative factor of anterior impingement, because abnormal repetitive micromotion may develop bony and soft tissue lesions. In addition, early research hypothesized anterior osteophyte is caused by traction to the anterior capsule during repetitive plantar flexion, but this theory was disproved by later anatomic studies.
Anterior impingement symptom typically presents as anterior ankle pain during terminal dorsiflexion. Climbing stairs, running, walking up hills, ascending ladders and deep squat are common aggravating activities. If anterior impingement doesn’t get treated well, in the later stage, joint mobility may be further restricted due to mechanical block or pain, resulting in vicious circle.
Posterior ankle impingement symptom typically occurs in terminal plantarflexion, due to compression of tissues posterior to the tibiotalar and talocalcaneal joint. Posterior impingement tend to occur in athletes who need to plantarflex frequently, like ballet dancers, etc. Similarly, posterior impingement can result from compression of bony or soft tissue in isolation or in combination. Trigonal process of posterior talus is the most common cause of posterior impingement. Besides this, repetitive hyper-plantarflexion may cause posterior capsule, inferior tibiofibular ligament, and posterior fiber of deltoid ligament inflammation, scarring, and thickening. Lastly, tendinitis and tenosynovitis are easily found in flexor hallucis longus tendon, running between the medial and lateral posterior process of the talus. This probably results from overuse or irritation from surrounding abnormal bony tissue. The tissues mentioned above are all possible causative factors to the posterior ankle impingement.
In contrast to patients with anterior impingement pain that are accessible to palpation, posterior impingement pain is less specific, deep to the Achilles tendon. This makes it difficult to differentiate from Achilles tendon or peroneal tendon pathology. Since posterior impingement symptom is usually irritated by repetitive plantarflexion, walking downstairs, downhill running, and wearing high-heeled shoes are some common exacerbated activities to posterior impingement syndrome. Ballet dancers are commonly affected by posterior impingement syndrome due to weight bearing on forefoot in plantarflexion position over and over again.
Though osseous or soft tissues abnormality in radiography is seen to be one of the causes of ankle impingement, it doesn’t mean that we can simply blame patient’s symptom on these structural pathology. In fact, there is a limited correlation between medical image findings and our symptom. We should integrate patient’s history, physical examination, imaging studies, etc., for accurate diagnosis. Conservative treatment remains first option to manage ankle impingement. In acute stage, patient should avoid from doing provocative activities. If it is necessary, NSAIDs can be used for pain management. In chronic stage, clinicians should focus on ankle stability and proprioception training because ankle instability and sprain are both causative factors of ankle impingement. Just like other musculoskeletal disease, even though structural abnormality is thought to be a possible cause of ankle impingement, most ankle impingement cases still respond well to conservative treatment. If you have any similar medical problem, please find medical professions for help. The video below will show you some simple ways to train our ankle stability and proprioception.
參考資料:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27608626/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00247-019-04459-5
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5065672/
#腳踝夾擠 #踝關節不穩 #腳踝扭傷 #本體感覺訓練 #物理治療 #ankleimingement #ankleinstability #anklesprain #proprioception #physiotherapy #hunterptworkout
develop名詞 在 賓狗單字Bingo Bilingual Youtube 的評價
想要說一口好英文嗎?你需要訂閱賓狗的嘖嘖計畫!https://www.zeczec.com/projects/bingobilingual
· 你聽得懂的全英文 news podcast
· 為你把複雜的文法,變得簡單好入口
· 讓你的英文發音更漂亮
1【teapot 茶壺】— 名詞
South Africa has warned restaurants not to hide alcohol in teapots.
2 【die of 因某原因而去世】— 動詞片語
A renowned Chinese pianist died of Covid-19.
3【jail 監禁】- 動詞
China jails 10 Hong Kong activists for an illegal border crossing.
4【speak out 勇敢發聲】— 動詞片語(通常可能有風險甚至危險)
Demonstrators in Belarus are speaking out in new and creative ways.
https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-55475917 EP90、128 也有提到白羅斯喔
5【join forces 攜手合作】— 動詞片語
A Japanese company and Kyoto University have joined forces to develop the world's first wooden satellites.
簡單複習:
1)teapot 茶壺
2)die of 因某原因而去世
3)jail 監禁
4)speak out 公開表達意見
5)join forces 攜手合作
你想在其他平台上追蹤賓狗嗎?
這裡請:https://bingolinks.carrd.co/