DID is one of the most controversial psychiatric disorders with no clear consensus regarding its diagnosis or treatment.
The cause of DID is controversial, with debate occurring between supporters of different hypotheses: that DID is a reaction to trauma; that DID is produced iatrogenically by inappropriate psychotherapeutic techniques that cause a patient to enact the role of a patient with DID; and newer hypotheses involving memory processing that allows for the possibility that trauma-causing dissociation can occur after childhood in DID, as it does in PTSD. It has been suggested that all the trauma-based and stress-related disorders be placed in one category that would include both DID and PTSD.[25] Disturbed and altered sleep has also been suggested as having a role in dissociative disorders in general and specifically in DID.
