【對我嚟講,未戰先降唔係一個選擇,堅持唔係因為我哋特別堅強,而係我哋別無他選】
在文明的國度,價值觀是與時俱移的。走過 2019 年那場史無前例的社會運動,還有誰是勇敢?誰是英雄?就如黃之鋒所說:「社會運動是把不可能變為可能的過程,是個 self-actualisation 的 process(自我實現的過程),看自己可以 take up(擔任)甚麼崗位,可以在公共層面有甚麼 contributions(貢獻)。」
所謂的時代英雄、那些「Joshua Wong is ready to die for Hong Kong」的外媒新聞標題,只是荷里活式的驚天動地吧。「2012 年暑假,當國教入了主流後,就多了公眾輿論,然後很多政治人物想約你交流,就見到甚麼是成王敗寇人情冷暖;上年約你,又不見你理我?世界是這樣,都沒有辦法。說得好聽,是等著看你做出成績;難聽點,不就是有人關注,他們才關心。」
他直言,8 年來,不時被罵是政棍。「一定有不開心,每隔兩三年都會給人『屌』一轉,但不需要把人家的批評和讚賞看得太重。」他說更不用把自己看得太重要,在訪問中,他談得更多是團隊的力量。一隻手掌拍不響,他很明白 it takes two to tango。「2012 年給我的經驗,是無論你如何受到公眾吹捧,也能夠不讓這種知名度沖昏頭腦,以至 14 年雨傘、16 年奇蹟勝選(立法會),到後來在國際線做出少許成績,都能夠意識到如何拿捏。」
你以為他很享受那種鎂光燈下的政治生活日常?他用「異化」來形容那狀態:「這個年紀的大學生是不會拿著酒杯搖幌著,或者出席晚餐會時,有人會突然拿隻叉敲個杯,然後 expect 你說些發人深省的話;但不得不承認,想進入國際傳媒輿論圈,就一定要經過這些,最重要是如何處之泰然。」成人的世界都給他看透,知道自己的角色、崗位,做到要做的事,才是一件事。
「2012 年何以會關注學民思潮?關注我?是因為年輕人有勇氣挑戰既有體制,然後就投射那種期望;過去 4、5 年國際線都是這種邏輯。對於西方高等白人來說,我只不過是另一個馬拉拉( 巴基斯坦諾貝爾和平獎得主 Malala Yousafzai)、Greta(瑞典環保少女通貝里 Greta Thunberg),雖然大家所做的截然不同,但他們就是找些 celebrities(知名人士)來吹捧、消費,他們有一套範式,我覺得跟我的生活有很大落差。」
然後他說起,2019 年 9 月前往德國前,因涉「違反保釋條件」在機場被捕,到警署「臭格」羈留 24 小時,釋放後搭 12 小時飛機,落機不夠 1 小時,出席德國外交部酒會,「你會覺得由你屈在臭格 24 小時不知做甚麼,到與德國外長會面,原來所有事都在 24 小時内發生,是一種精神分裂的狀態;更不要說那次是德國出版商邀請我,還給我商務客位機票。」
若問他是否很喜歡這種生活,他坦言「未必」,但幫到件事比較重要。不敢說對黃之鋒而言,這是否「重於泰山」,但他深明所做的都是為了 get things done。「西方國家要 pick 一個 icon(代表人物)去說明民主退潮、民粹興起,機緣巧合我成為那個 icon;那如何能夠發揮更多,才是重要的。大家對我的了解是來自傳媒訪問,而那些訪問一定是塑造大衛對抗歌利亞的 narrative(敘述);或者是看 Netflix、看我本書,但要知道那些一定不是全貌。」
「投入政治工作,除了幕前,更重要是幕後團隊。大家覺得我上年 9 月在(美國)國會聽證說得好,難道那篇 speech(演說)是我寫嗎?當然不是。背後有 Jeffrey(敖卓軒),他是眾志駐華盛頓 core member(核心成員),是他幫手寫的。國會聽證前一晚,在酒店房內,除了我,還有羅冠聰、Jeffrey 和梁繼平,他們一齊『度』我在聽證會的發言,順便執我的 pronunciation(發音),全部都讀錯。兩個 PhD 學生加一個 Yale master(耶魯大學碩士生),來幫一個 OU degree(公開大學學位)都未攞到的『死𡃁仔』去 deliver 個 message。」
他想起了 2013 年。當年《號外》總編輯張鐵志邀請他、周庭和林朗彥拍攝封面故事,形容他們為現實理想主義者。「我覺得幾貼切。香港政治圈內,比眾志更理想主義都有,但如何 deliver message(傳遞信息),然後 make progress(帶來進展),在政治工作上,是很重要的。」說得準確一點,是今天的政治生態已轉變,用他的話,以往看重政治人物的論說,但來到 2020 年,行動最實際,做到出來才是一件事。
當有部分人,對黃之鋒的印象還停留在那 15 歲的少年模樣,他會說:「well 我都 23 啦」。實情是他監也坐了兩次,所屬的香港眾志,在過去 4 年,面對多番打壓,創黨主席羅冠聰成為立法會議員後喪失議席,後來周庭參選被 DQ(取消資格)、補選勝出的區諾軒又失議席,黃之鋒參選區議會亦被 DQ。「甚麼風浪也遇過,但各種政治打壓是會令團隊磨練更堅韌,不會有那種過於安逸的狀態。這種韌性很重要,跟過去的學生運動有所不同,自問整個團隊過去 4 年是交足功課。」
不確定他這種自謙自省,跟 2019 年那場浩大的社會運動可有直接關係;可是,只要一對比,都輕如鴻毛吧。「我要承受的代價,比很多人都少。坐監日數最短,但國際關注最高,也是本地關注最高。我獲得的關注和支持,從來都不成正比。2019 年,我被警察拘捕,警察都相當客氣,必需要說的是,如果我不是黃之鋒,他們『睬我都嘥氣』,所以何以我說一個團隊的付出是更重要。」
「現在我被告的是組織煽動參與未經批准集結,連非法集結也不是,就算罪成,判監的刑期也不能多過 1 年;對比(抗爭者)那些傷人、火魔,不知要坐 5 年、10 年又 10 年,我還有甚麼可以怨?他們行動上比我激烈,承受比我多的,也多的是,其實我無資格說甚麼。」
「如果我不能夠改變這個不對等關係,或者不能夠改變警察拘捕我,但我相對比較安全的情況,我就要透過這個身位,讓大家的付出有更多價值。」
芸芸政治人物中,黃之鋒最尊重李柱銘,說 2015 年不是獲得他邀請與戴耀廷一起出席華盛頓交流會,香港眾志在開拓國際線不會如此得心應手。更重要是:「他讓我們這一代知道,讓香港走得更遠是一件事。」
後記:訪問後兩個月,黃之鋒宣布以一人名單參與九龍東民主派立法會初選。當人人覺得他會被 DQ,他還是決定出戰,讀完這個訪問,大概不難明白他的想法吧。就如他接受《眾新聞》訪問時說:「對我嚟講,未戰先降唔係一個選擇,堅持唔係因為我哋特別堅強,而係我哋別無他選。」
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過7,780的網紅蝦愛橘子,也在其Youtube影片中提到,------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ➤蝦愛橘子 YouTube 頻道:遊戲攻略/實況VOD:https://reu...
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- 關於it takes two 得 獎 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook
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it takes two 得 獎 在 Jessie Chung锺潔希 Facebook 八卦
闖入西洋樂壇金榜·鍾潔希擊敗席琳奪亞軍
Jessie Chung Rises to International Charts Beats Celine and Takes Second Place
星洲日报·娱乐·报道:黄宝君·2016.11.13
(莎亞南13日訊)鍾潔希早前剛推出的新英語專輯《There You Are》獲得不錯迴響,成功登上華人音樂市場最具權威影響力的5大金榜,發售首周便勇奪亞軍寶座,成功擊敗天后席琳狄翁(Celine Dion),成績僅次予女神卡卡(Lady Gaga),獲唱片公司頒發“音樂傑出表現獎”,讓她感到不可思議直呼:“我竟然打敗席琳,你們能相信嗎?”
鍾潔希以金發洋妞造型推出首張英語專輯,在台灣5大金榜西洋樂壇金榜亞軍位置,僅次於女神卡卡的新專輯,同時也是有史以來唯一能夠闖入西洋樂壇金榜的大馬歌手。鍾潔希笑言,當被告知喜訊之時,她一度不敢相信,直至自己親自上網查詢,讓她興奮如同獲得奧斯卡獎項般驚喜不已,笑稱:“我竟然打敗席琳,你們能相信嗎?”
12日下午,她在大馬開心舉辦慶功宴,並且在大馬和新加坡華納音樂董事經理蔡經明以及澳洲未來娛樂暨音樂集團代表的見證下,獲頒“音樂傑出表現獎”。她感慨表示,演藝圈這條路不容易走,無論自己多努力,背後總是會有負面的聲音出現,但她選擇寬恕與遺忘。
首張英語專輯獲得如此好成績,鍾潔希決定趁勢追擊,預計明年初再推出第2張英語專輯,慶功宴上也率先曝光新歌《Forever Young》MV,讓在場觀眾一睹為快。鍾潔希表示每次發片,都口頭承諾這是最後一次發片,但她坦言,內心還是放不下演藝事業,並透露目前已經錄製了3首歌,之後還要飛往澳洲籌備其餘6首歌的錄音及MV拍攝。
另外,她也透露明年2月將赴南非宣傳新專輯行程,計劃到歐洲、非洲、紐約等地展開巡演。雖然能夠進軍美國讓她十分開心與期待,不過,她卻表示自己其實非常擔心到非洲,“聽說當地很危險,但老闆在台灣舉辦專輯發布會時宣布這個消息,先下手為強,讓我沒辦法拒絕。”
Jessie Chung Rises to International Charts Beats Celine and Takes Second Place
Sin Chew Daily Entertainment 2016.11.13
Jessie Chung’s brand new album There You Are has received great reception and has successfully entered into the most influential and authoritative chart in the Taiwanese music industry, Five Music, debuting at number two on the Top 5 Chart for international albums, overtaking Celine Dion and placing right next to Lady Gaga. For her triumphs, Jessie’s record label presented her with the Outstanding Achievement Award in the Music Industry; Jessie herself was rendered speechless by the astonishing fact and said, “I beat Celine, can you believe it?”
Rocking her new blonde hairstyle, Jessie Chung released her debut album, debuting at number two on the Top 5 Chart for international albums, overtaking Celine Dion and placing right next to Lady Gaga. At the same time, she is the first and so far only Malaysian singer who has ventured into the top end of the prestigious international chart. Jessie Chung said that when she received the news, she was shocked and filled with disbelief. Only until she had checked online herself did she believe that her album actually placed in the chart, immediately she was filled with elation and felt as if she had just won an Oscar. Overjoyed, she said, “I beat Celine, can you believe it?”
At noon, she cheerfully attended the achievement celebration organized by her record label. Mr. Darren Choy, Managing Director of Warner Music Group Malaysia & Singapore and Chairman of the Recording Industry Association of Malaysia and Mr. Sein Way Tan, Future Entertainment & Music Group Australia representative, presented Jessie with the Outstanding Achievement Award in the Music Industry. Welling up with emotions, she stated that the entertainment industry isn’t a walk in the park. No matter how hard one strives, negative voices will always appear out of nowhere. Despite the harsh criticism, Jessie chooses to forgive and forget.
Jessie’s debut English album received so much success that she had decided to follow up with a sophomore album, set to be released early next year. Her “Forever Young” music video was also premiered during the achievement celebration, which charged the attendees with excitement and anticipation. Jessie Chung stated that every time she released an album, she promised herself that it would be her last album. However she disclosed that deep down she is still unprepared to leave the music industry, and she has already recorded three songs; she will be flying to Australia to finish the remaining six songs and film the rest of her music videos.
In addition, she also divulged that she would be flying to South Africa next year in February to promote her new album, with further plans to enter Europe, Africa, New York and other places to open concerts. Although the thought at entering into the U.S. music scene makes her jump with joy and anticipation, she revealed that she is actually quite afraid of going to Africa. “I’ve heard rumors that it’s dangerous over there, but my boss took the initiative and discussed about it at the press conference in Taiwan, and now I’m forced to comply.”
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[教育時評]激發批判性思考
拿我們的【新聞英文-Marketing & Influencers 補充包】 https://bit.ly/2YJPZvb
在上一篇文章中,我們將批判性思考大致定義為——使我們能處理資訊並解決問題的能力。讓我們藉由下列問題,來進一步限縮定義。
1、哪些人是最佳的批判性思想家?
2、你為什麼認為這些人是批判性思想家?
3、他們擁有哪些技能?
你想到了誰?他們擁有哪些技能?
也許有些人會想到喬姆斯基(Noam Chomsky)、霍金(Stephen Hawking)或喬治・歐威爾(George Orwell)。他們所共有者包含了好奇心、客觀性與分析性思考等諸多核心特點。
至此,我們的定義已相當清晰。我們知道即便批判性思考是一種抽象的技能,但仍可想到一些批判性思想家,並對其加以分析。
以下是與批判性思考相關的六大核心技能列表,以及有助於開發核心技能的問題:
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1. Interpretation 詮釋
•What does this mean?
•What’s happening?
•How should we understand that (e.g., what he or she just said)?
•What is the best way to characterize/categorize/classify this?
•In this context, what was intended by saying/doing that?
•How can we make sense out of this (experience, feeling, or statement)?
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2. Analysis 分析
•Please tell us again your reasons for making that claim.
•What is your conclusion/What is it that you are claiming?
•Why do you think that?
•What are the arguments pro and con?
•What assumptions must we make to accept that conclusion?
•What is your basis for saying that?
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3. Inference 推論
•Given what we know so far, what conclusions can we draw?
•Given what we know so far, what can we rule out?
•What does this evidence imply?
•If we abandoned/accepted that assumption, how would things change?
•What additional information do we need to resolve this question?
•If we believed these things, what would they imply for us going forward?
•What are the consequences of doing things that way?
•What are some alternatives we haven’t yet explored?
•Let’s consider each option and see where it takes us.
•Are there any undesirable consequences that we can and should foresee?
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4. Evaluation 評估
•How credible is that claim?
•Why do we think we can trust what this person claims?
•How strong are those arguments?
•Do we have our facts right?
•How confident can we be in our conclusion, given what we now know?
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5. Explanation 解釋
•What were the specific findings/results of the investigation?
•Please tell us how you conducted that analysis.
•How did you come to that interpretation?
•Please take us through your reasoning one more time.
•Why do you think that (was the right answer/was the solution)?
•How would you explain why this particular decision was made?
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6. Self-regulation 自我調整
•Our position on this issue is still too vague; can we be more precise?
•How good was our methodology, and how well did we follow it?
•Is there a way we can reconcile these two apparently conflicting conclusions?
•How good is our evidence?
•OK, before we commit, what are we missing?
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請留意,這六大核心技能只是定義批判性思考的一種方式。若你想閱讀我們有關批判性思考的最後一篇文章,以及學習如何發展此一能力,歡迎按讚或分享貼文,並於留言區回覆「I want to develop my critical thinking」。
我們將於5月30日晚間8:00 ,從留言的粉絲中抽出3位幸運的得獎者。贈送獎品為——《Times》、《People》以及《Bloomberg Businessweek》雜誌各一本。我會透過臉書通知得獎的同學。
抽獎活動已圓滿結束!
感謝大家的參與! Stay tuned for our next critical thinking post!
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參考文獻:
Facione, P. A. (2011). Critical thinking: What it is and why it counts. Insight assessment, 2007(1), 1-23.
McPeck, J. E. (2016). Critical thinking and education. Routledge.
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Try asking yourself some of these questions every time you encounter new information.
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