employment skills的八卦，Yahoo名人娛樂都在討論

ประเทศไทย ในมุมมอง นักลงทุนต่างชาติ /โดย ลงทุนแมน
มีหลายคนพูดกันว่า ประเทศไทยไม่ได้เป็นเป้าหมายสำคัญสำหรับนักลงทุนต่างชาติเหมือนในอดีต เพราะเรากำลังสูญเสียความสามารถในการแข่งขันบางอย่างเมื่อเทียบกับประเทศอื่นๆ

เรื่องนี้เป็นอย่างไร แล้วถ้ามันเป็นจริง วันนี้เราควรเตรียมตัวอย่างไร เพื่อทำให้ประเทศไทยกลับมาเป็นเป้าหมายสำคัญของนักลงทุนต่างชาติ ลงทุนแมนจะเล่าให้ฟัง
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Continue ReadingThailand in Foreign Investors View / Investman
Many people say that Thailand is not a major target for foreign investors like in the past because we are losing some competitiveness compared to other countries.

How is this? If it's true today, how should we prepare to bring Thailand back to the important target of foreign investors. Investman will tell you about it.
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If you talk about foreign investment to be easily understood, let's split into 2 types.
1) Foreign Direct Investment
2) Investment in the financial market, which in this case emphasizes on investment in the stock exchange of foreign investors.

These 2 sections are important to reflect how much foreign investors are interested in investing in Thailand.

Foreign Direct Investment (Foreign Direct Investment or FDI) is a key factor that affects economic growth of the country.

As FDI's coming in, it doesn't only cause investment, employment, but also as portraying and technology development. It will eventually cause the country's economy to grow, average income and quality of life for domestic population.

However, it seems that FDI value that entered Thailand in the last 10 years is likely decreasing.
Year 2010-2014 FDI worth entering Thailand on average 321,000 million baht.
Year 2015-2019 FDI worth entering Thailand on average 247,000 million baht.

But, you know, in the past 10 years, FDI that entered ASEAN nationwide from 1.3 trillion baht to 4.7 trillion baht. This has resulted in the economy of many countries in this region to grow remarkably. Over the years.

The average GDP of many neighboring countries such as Cambodia, Philippines, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, grows an average of 6-7 % per year. Or, if it's simply explained, the economic value of the country grows around 10 years.

While in the past 10 years, Thailand's GDP grew an average of 3.5 % or half of its economic growth in neighboring countries.

This may be due to several of our structural issues changing.

Thai elderly population proportion, increasing continuously, will diminish long-term consumption and labor number of countries and result in less investment necessities that will hit employment and eventually slow the economy down.

Population in labour age is decreasing, leading countries to rely on labour to drive economic economies like Thailand.

Nowadays, about 1 in 3 of Thailand's workforce is in agriculture and agriculture sector. It's still in the manufacturing industry, selling. All of them are mainly labor-dependent industries.

Doesn't include any other issues like
Political unrest issues
Readiness of basic utility system
Corruption problem
A shortage of skilled workers that are barriers to developing countries.

We must admit that these matters not only decrease FDI value in Thailand during the past, but it will also slow down the future economic growth trend, and it will also slow down the interest of foreign investors on the Thai stock market.

Do you know that in between 2010-2019 or in 10 years, foreign investors sell collectible shares higher than 512,000 million Baht?

While the first 6 months of this year
Foreign investors have sold Thai stocks for over 216,000 million baht.

The interesting thing is that for those who think that foreign investors have sold a lot of stocks in the stock market. There may be a few stocks left. Then we may have to re

Because even the proportion of the stock holding of foreign investors in Thai stock market per cap. That's reduced from 37 % during 2012 to 30 % in 2019, but the remaining value is higher than 5 trillion baht.

And selling shares of foreign investors is one reason why the Thai stock market seems to go nowhere, especially in the last 6 years.

In summary, both foreign direct investments (FDI) will affect Thailand's real economic sector is decreasing compared to the past and foreign investors are also selling securities because they see the country's economic growth trend seems less interesting.

Therefore, our Thailand doesn't just require investment, improve performance, technology, and innovation to create value-added industries and reduce labor-oriented industries like before to help increase nation's income.

But it has to be including solving problems, labour problems, lack of skills, corruption problems, peaceful, politically accumulated for long time.

If this is like an eastern tale, it would be similar to a rabbit tale and a famous turtle that in the last decades, Thailand used to be a country where the economy grew fast and overtook many countries, especially the neighboring countries far away.

It looks like we're about to finish and leave our rivals without dust.
But then one day, when we run fast, we run slower, start walking, and don't stop walking while our rivals run faster.

Even today we may be ahead of many countries.
But no one can guarantee that
In the future, we will not be overtaken as in tales..
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References
-https://www.aseanstats.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/ASYB_2019.pdf
-https://www.bot.or.th/App/BTWS_STAT/statistics/ReportPage.aspx?reportID=654&language=eng
-https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=TH
-https://www.bot.or.th/App/BTWS_STAT/statistics/BOTWEBSTAT.aspx?reportID=638&language=th
-https://www.set.or.th/th/market/market_statistics.html
-https://www.bot.or.th/Thai/ResearchAndPublications/DocLib_/Article_7Nov2017.pdf
-https://www.thebangkokinsight.com/304526/Translated

DPM Tharman Shanmugaratnam presented Budget 2013 this afternoon. His theme was “A better Singapore: Quality growth, An Inclusive Society”.

Our immediate priority is to solve the housing and transport issues. At the same time, we must upgrade our economy through productivity and innovation. Budget 2013 will help our businesses cope with much lower foreign worker growth over the next few years. It also contains schemes to enable every Singaporean to benefit from growth. For example, the Wage Credit Scheme will incentivise employers to raise salaries of their lower-income workers, as the Govt will pay 40% of these salary increases for three years. We will also focus on promoting social mobility, especially through education, so that children from less privileged backgrounds are not disadvantaged in our society.

The Parliament will discuss Budget 2013 in the upcoming weeks. You can visit www.singaporebudget.gov.sg for more details about the Budget. - LHL

We had the Budget today. We are transforming our economy so that we can have quality growth – growth that all Singaporeans will benefit from, and which will allow a better quality of life. And we are taking further steps towards a more inclusive society – starting with the kids, helping lower-income workers, and providing greater economic security for our retirees, including those in the middle-income group.

Here's an extract from the Budget Speech that sets out the main directions our policies are taking. The specifics are in the full speech linked below.

http://www.singaporebudget.gov.sg/budget…/budget_speech.html

BETTER SINGAPORE: QUALITY GROWTH, AN INCLUSIVE SOCIETY

Many Singaporeans, through Our Singapore Conversation platforms, have been sharing their hopes for Singapore – the kind of home we want to build for our families and our children. There has been a rich diversity of views. But a common set of aspirations is emerging, a common vision of the future that Singaporeans want:
• A home with a strong Singaporean identity and sense of belonging
• A Singapore with a robust and vibrant economy, and with good jobs that enable a more fulfilling pace of life
• A home with strong families, and where our seniors can age with dignity
• A society that takes care of the disadvantaged
• A Singapore with affordable living
• A society with greater sense of togetherness, and where the Government and the people have a more collaborative relationship

This is the Singapore that we want to build together.

The Government is making major moves to support this endeavour. Since 2010, we have embarked on major steps to transform our economy so as to create better jobs and allow for a better pace and quality of life. We are also making important shifts in social policies, as announced in last year’s Budget, to foster a fair and more inclusive society.

We will need to make further moves. So that by the end of the decade, we will have a better Singapore, a better future for all Singaporeans.

Immediate Challenges: Housing and Transport

First, we have pressing challenges in housing and transport. The Government will spare no effort in resolving these problems.
We want to reduce the cost of housing relative to the income of young Singaporeans. Prices in the HDB resale market and private market have risen too rapidly in the cycle that began as we recovered from the 2009 economic crisis. We have taken major steps to cool the housing market. We have also ramped up the supply of HDB flats which will help first-time buyers book their flats faster as well as ease prices in the resale market. And we have increased supply of private housing through Government Land Sales. The Minister for National Development will speak more in COS about these immediate challenges as well as how we can ensure affordable, quality housing for Singaporeans over the longer term.

We have to make many improvements in public transport. Congestion and waiting times are a daily problem for Singaporeans. We are ramping up bus capacity, especially feeder services, to improve frequency and add new routes. We are accelerating the rollout of the additional 800 buses that we made provisions for last year. In addition, the Land Transport Authority will be tendering out routes to private operators.

Our rail network will expand by more than 50% by 2021. That is still eight years away. But in the meantime, we will see improvements that will help relieve congestion. Parts of the Downtown Line will start operating from the end of this year, and new trains will be added to existing lines from next year. We will also introduce other measures to reduce crowding, including significantly enhanced incentives for commuters who travel during the “shoulder” periods before and after the morning peak hour. The Minister for Transport will talk about these measures in the COS.

An Economy and Society in Transition

While we fix these immediate problems in housing and transport, we have to press on with our priorities to help Singaporeans have a better quality of life over the medium to long term.

We have to shift gears for an economy and society that is in transition.

We are no longer a developing economy, but we have not achieved the level of productivity and income of an advanced economy. At the same time, our own workforce is growing more slowly, and is gradually getting older.

We must make every effort to achieve quality growth: growth that is achieved mainly through innovation and higher productivity, and growth that will benefit all Singaporeans – our children, working families, our elderly and disabled.

Our strategies for achieving quality growth and an inclusive society are in fact tied inextricably together. Raising productivity is not just our most important economic priority, but enables us to build a better society. Higher productivity is the only sustainable way to raise incomes for ordinary Singaporeans, and provide jobs that give people a sense of responsibility and empowerment. Higher productivity is also necessary for us to shorten working hours over time and allow Singaporeans to enjoy a better work-life balance.

Our society is also facing the pressures of widening income disparities. This is happening in cities globally and in Asia, but it matters more to us because Singapore is not just a city but also a nation. We must take further steps to temper inequality. We also want to do more to enable our seniors to have a sense of economic security and fulfilment in their retirement years.

On both economy and society, therefore, we need to shift our thinking.
In government: where we are reshaping policies and driving new initiatives, especially to sustain social mobility and strengthen support for older Singaporeans.
In the business community: which has to innovate and adjust to the permanent reality of a tight labour market.
In our society at large: where we have to accord ordinary workers not just better pay but greater respect.
In the community: with non-profits and other voluntary groups pursuing the causes we all believe in, and working with an active partner in the government.
And for all of us individuals, to do our best to improve and to contribute to our country in our own ways.

Transforming Our Economy for Better Jobs
We are restructuring our economy. We began this in earnest in 2010, by:
• Tightening foreign worker inflows;
• Supporting enterprises in their efforts to upgrade operations and improve productivity; and
• Investing in our workers by heavily subsidising their training, in every skill.

We need to intensify this economic restructuring and skills upgrading so as to achieve quality growth. Although wages are going up in a tight labour market, productivity has lagged. If we do not do better in raising productivity, we will be caught in a situation where businesses lose competitiveness, and wages eventually stagnate. Both workers and businesses will be worse off.

We must help our SME sector revitalise itself. There are however wide divergences in efficiency amongst SMEs even in the same industries. Restructuring will unfortunately lead to some businesses being winnowed out, but the end result must be a vibrant and sustainable local SME sector. Every support must be provided to help the businesses which bring in more efficient techniques and service models, so they can grow in a tight labour market, and where possible make their mark internationally.

There are already many examples of SMEs transforming themselves, in every sector. For example in furniture manufacturing, local firms are training multi-skilled employees, relocating manpower-intensive activities, developing unique brands and carving a niche for themselves in overseas markets.

To make this economic transition, we must also harness the value of older Singaporeans and design jobs suited for them, as well as for other potential employees who are unable to work regular, full-time schedules. Flexible work practices must become more common, enabling employees to structure their work so that they have time for their families or for personal development like part-time courses. We should also make it possible for more employees to have the option of telecommuting from home or working from “smart work centres” near their homes, like what they have in Amsterdam and Seoul. The Government will work closely with businesses in these efforts.

Building a Fair and Inclusive Society

We are also taking major steps to ensure a fair and more inclusive society.

• First, to sustain social mobility. Meritocracy alone will not assure us of this. We therefore want to do more, starting from early in our children’s lives, to give the best leg up to those who start with a disadvantage. We cannot change the fact that children have different family backgrounds that bring very different advantages and disadvantages. But we want to find every way, at the pre-school and primary school levels, to help our children from poorer or less stable families to develop confidence and the self-belief that gives them aspirations of their own, and to help them catch up when they fall behind. And we will provide pathways to develop every skill and ability, so that every child can discover his strengths as he grows up, and can do well.

• Second, we must do more to mitigate inequality. We are making our fiscal system more progressive, by tilting our taxes and benefits in favour of the lower- and middle-income groups.

Currently:

i. A lower-income older worker receives a significant top-up of his income through Workfare each year.

ii. A middle-income family with a child in child care gets subsidies of $4,800 per year. If the child is in university, he can receive more than $8,500 in bursaries over the course of his studies, and get a subsidised government loan to pay off the remaining fees and cover study expenses. Children from lower-income families receive far more.

iii. Singaporeans with disabilities now receive substantially greater support. Both when young through early intervention under EIPIC, and as adults, where we provide a substantial incentive through the Special Employment Credit (SEC) for firms to employ them so that they can contribute and lead more independent lives.

iv. An older Singaporean in need of long term care can receive subsidies of $870 per month for home-based care or $1,200 per month if he is in a nursing home, following the changes we introduced last year. Those who need more help will get it through Medifund.

We will take further, significant steps in this Budget towards strengthening social mobility and increasing the progressivity and fairness of our system. In particular, with enhancements to Workfare, a low-wage worker who is 60 years old would receive a top-up of his pay of about 30%. This is in addition to what his employer can receive through the SEC, and the new Wage Credit Scheme, to be introduced in this year’s Budget, which will encourage his employer to up his pay.

While raising incomes is the best way to help lower- and middle- income Singaporeans cope with rising costs, this Budget will also include measures to help them more immediately. The most significant support will go to older Singaporeans, to help them with medical costs.

Taking all our measures together, including those which will be announced in this Budget, we are providing substantial benefits to lower- and middle-income Singaporeans. The full picture can be seen if we look at benefits over a lifetime, starting from a couple’s needs when they first have children, to the time they get old and need other types of help, especially with healthcare costs.

In total, over a lifetime, a young low-income couple with two children can expect to receive more than $600,000 in benefits in real terms (2013 dollars). (This comes from subsidies and other means-tested benefits for their children’s education, housing, healthcare, Workfare, the GST Voucher, and other schemes.)

This is much more than we used to provide in the past. In the last decade alone, we have more than doubled the lifetime benefits in real terms for such families.

When we take into account all the taxes that such low-income families will pay (mainly GST), they will get back far more in benefits. In fact, they will get more than five dollars in benefits for every dollar in taxes paid.

However, today’s generation of older Singaporeans will not benefit as much as younger Singaporeans from the enhancements in Workfare and CPF and other schemes. We want to do more for this senior generation of Singaporeans, who worked over the years, often with low pay, to build a better future for their children. They made today’s Singapore possible. We will do more for them. The Government is reviewing the system of healthcare financing and some other schemes to help them in their retirement years.

Finally, the Budget will make significant investments to nurture the sports and arts, which play a growing role in enriching life in Singapore. Over the next five years, we will invest 30% more in sports programmes, and more than double our investments to develop regional- and community-level sports facilities. The Government will also create a new Cultural Donation Matching Fund, to provide dollar-for-dollar matching for donations to the arts and culture.

In short, we are building a better Singapore: a more inclusive and caring society, with an innovative and dynamic economy, so that Singaporeans can have better opportunities and more fulfilling lives.

http://www.singaporebudget.gov.sg/budget…/budget_speech.html

IELTS Speaking Part 3 Model Answers – Effects (KÈM BẢN PDF)
👉Can hobbies have negative effects?

Yes. I think if you spend too much time on your hobbies, it can affect other aspects of your life. For example, if one of your hobbies is playing games, and you spend hours playing Plants vs. Zombies or Angry Birds, then you will have little time for your studies and your social life. Another example is if you love watching movies, and after a hard day at work, instead of doing exercise, you spend all evening watching your favourite films, which is really harmful to your health. So, I think whether a hobby has negative effects or not depends on how we spend time doing it.

Sở thích có thể có tác động tiêu cực không?

Có chứ ạ. Tôi nghĩ rằng nếu bạn dành quá nhiều thời gian cho sở thích của mình, nó có thể ảnh hưởng đến các khía cạnh khác trong cuộc sống của bạn. Ví dụ: nếu một trong những sở thích của bạn là chơi game và bạn dành hàng giờ để chơi Plants vs. Zombies hoặc Angry Birds, thì bạn sẽ có ít thời gian cho việc học và đời sống xã hội của mình. Một ví dụ khác là nếu bạn thích xem phim, và sau một ngày làm việc mệt mỏi, thay vì tập thể dục, bạn dành cả buổi tối để xem những bộ phim yêu thích, điều này thực sự có hại cho sức khỏe của bạn. Vì vậy, tôi nghĩ rằng một sở thích có ảnh hưởng tiêu cực hay không phụ thuộc vào cách chúng ta dành thời gian thực hiện nó.

👉What effects do you think humans have on wild animals?

I think human activities have great impacts on wildlife. First, we are destroying their habitats by burning or clearing forests for agriculture or tourism. Thousands of wild animals have died, and some species have become extinct because of habitat destruction. Second, lots of wild animals are suffering because of illegal hunting and poaching. For example, we can see many videos or pictures about rhinos losing their horns, wild elephants losing their tusks or leopards being killed for their fur.

Bạn nghĩ con người có ảnh hưởng gì đến động vật hoang dã?

Tôi nghĩ rằng các hoạt động của con người có tác động lớn đến động vật hoang dã. Đầu tiên, chúng ta đang hủy hoại môi trường sống của chúng bằng cách đốt hoặc phá rừng làm nông nghiệp hoặc du lịch. Hàng ngàn động vật hoang dã đã chết, và một số loài đã bị tuyệt chủng vì hủy hoại môi trường sống. Thứ hai, rất nhiều động vật hoang dã đang phải chịu đựng vì nạn săn bắn và săn trộm bất hợp pháp. Ví dụ, chúng ta có thể thấy nhiều video hoặc hình ảnh về những con tê giác bị mất sừng, những con voi hoang dã bị mất ngà hoặc báo bị giết để lấy lông.

👉What effects does new technology have on employment?

I think the effects of technology on employment are both negative and positive. In terms of the positive, thousands of jobs have been created, and many people have benefited from it, such as web developers, web designers or IT engineers. Therefore, it has helped improve their living standards. However, lots of people, especially those who do manual work, are faced with unemployment because their work has been replaced by machines or modern technological devices.

Công nghệ mới có ảnh hưởng gì đến việc làm?

Tôi nghĩ rằng những tác động của công nghệ đối với việc làm vừa mang tính tiêu cực vừa tích cực. Về mặt tích cực, hàng ngàn việc làm đã được tạo ra và nhiều người đã được hưởng lợi từ điều này, chẳng hạn như các nhà phát triển web, thiết kế web hoặc kỹ sư CNTT. Do đó, nó đã giúp cải thiện mức sống của họ. Tuy nhiên, rất nhiều người, đặc biệt là những người làm công việc thủ công, phải đối mặt với thất nghiệp vì công việc của họ đã được thay thế bằng máy móc hoặc các thiết bị công nghệ hiện đại.

👉What effects has modern technology had on the way food is produced?

I think technological advances have great impacts on food production. Millions of tonnes of genetically modified foods are produced every day. These foods are more resistant to diseases than foods produced in a traditional way. And thanks to breeding technologies, some plant species have been saved from extinction. But we also need to think about the negative effects of technology on food production. These days, the overuse of chemical pesticides and fertilizers is one of the main reasons for the increase in cancer and other fatal health problems.

Công nghệ hiện đại có ảnh hưởng gì đến cách thực phẩm được sản xuất?

Tôi nghĩ rằng những tiến bộ công nghệ có tác động lớn đến sản xuất thực phẩm. Hàng triệu tấn thực phẩm biến đổi gen được sản xuất mỗi ngày. Những thực phẩm này có khả năng kháng bệnh tốt hơn so với thực phẩm được sản xuất theo cách truyền thống. Và nhờ các công nghệ nhân giống, một số loài thực vật đã được cứu khỏi sự tuyệt chủng. Nhưng chúng ta cũng cần nghĩ về những tác động tiêu cực của công nghệ đối với sản xuất thực phẩm. Ngày nay, việc lạm dụng thuốc trừ sâu và phân bón hóa học là một trong những lý do chính làm tăng ung thư và các vấn đề sức khỏe gây tử vong khác.

👉What effects can watching television have on children?

I think that watching TV can have both positive and negative effects on children. By watching educational TV programmes, such as the Discovery Channel or BBC’s Planet Earth, children can learn more about the world they live in. Watching TV can also help them develop their imagination and creativity, which are essential skills for their future careers. However, if they spend too much time watching TV, they will have less time for their studies, and this could affect their academic results. Also, sitting for too long in front of the screen is harmful to their health.

Việc xem truyền hình có những ảnh hưởng gì đối với trẻ em?

Tôi nghĩ rằng xem TV có thể có cả tác động tích cực và tiêu cực đến trẻ em. Bằng cách xem các chương trình truyền hình giáo dục, chẳng hạn như Kênh Discovery hoặc BBC Trái đất, trẻ em có thể tìm hiểu thêm về thế giới mà chúng đang sống. Xem TV cũng có thể giúp chúng phát triển trí tưởng tượng và khả năng sáng tạo, đó là những kỹ năng cần thiết cho sự nghiệp tương lai của chúng. Tuy nhiên, nếu chúng dành quá nhiều thời gian để xem TV, chúng sẽ có ít thời gian hơn cho việc học và điều này có thể ảnh hưởng đến kết quả học tập của chúng. Ngoài ra, ngồi quá lâu trước màn hình có hại cho sức khỏe của trẻ.
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