學校教英文時,大多時候會告訴我們they是複數,指「他們」,這是對的!但是在不知道性別的情況下,they也可用作第三人稱單數使用。事實上從十四世紀開始,英語母語人士便將they當作性別中立的單數人稱代名詞了。在此提供例句:After a student completes their coursework, they take an exam. 還有:Who is on the phone? What do they want?
由於來電者性別不明,美國人便會很自然地用they當作單數人稱代名詞,在口語上特別常見。換作正式文件,可把整個句子改為複數:Students take exams after completing their coursework. 或更正式一點說:Who is on the phone? What does the caller want?
還想了解更多資訊嗎?請閱讀這篇文章:http://ow.ly/c9Zu50ymWAj
In school, most English learners that the pronoun "they" refers to more than one person (in the plural), and that's correct! But, "they" can also be used to refer to a third person in the singular if the gender of the person is unknown. In fact, English speakers have used "they" as a gender-neutral singular pronoun since the 14th century.
Here's an example: "After a student completes their coursework, they take an exam." Or, as another example, "Who is on the phone? What do they want?" The gender of this student or caller is unknown, so an American English speaker will naturally use the singular pronoun "they," especially when speaking. If writing a formal document, they might get around this by editing the sentence to the plural, as in "Students take exams after completing their coursework," or by changing to a more formal register, as in "Who is on the phone? What does the caller want?"
Need to know more? Read this article: http://ow.ly/c9Zu50ymWAj
#GenderAndLanguage #AmericanEnglish
as if 例句 在 Patrick Sir Facebook 八卦
【「睇水」英文係咩?】
「睇水」點解叫做「睇水」? 呢個 video 唔會話你知,佢淨係會教你「睇水」嘅英文點講囉!睇完記得俾個 Like!
例句 1: 喺單銀行劫案入面,其中一個男人企喺門口負責「睇水」呀。
In the bank robbery, one of the men stood at the door and acted as the lookout.
例句 2: 我哋Set緊嘢整蠱新嚟嘅阿Sir呀,快啲出去幫我「睇水」啦!
We’re setting up pranks on the new teacher. Let’s go out and act as the lookout!
例句 3: 我負責「睇水」,留意住警方嘅行動!
I’m monitoring the movement of the police.
例句 4: 老細隨時返,你可唔可以幫我「睇水」呀?
The boss will be back anytime. Could you watch out for me?
例句 5: 你去「睇水」,有人嚟通知我!
Keep a lookout for me and let me know if there’s anyone coming!
#PatrickSir英語通通識 #小學雞英語_系列 #睇水
#PatrickSir #HKEdutainer
Supported by EDFLOW-Education
Produced by @Giraffe International Productions
as if 例句 在 蕭叔叔英式英文學會 Uncle Siu's British English Club Facebook 八卦
蕭愷一:10大最爛英文學習法
【明報專訊】蕭叔叔成日講應該點樣學外語,學英文,好多時都係有感而發,看到好多同學誤走歧途,花好多時間精力,英文卻越講越爛,越寫越怪。蕭叔叔看過十大最差,最counterproductive的英文學習法,不得不叫大家引以為戒。
1. 背單詞
市面上好興什麼500必讀單詞,什麼讀了1000個單字就能流利說英文的教材。蕭叔叔得罪講句,英文唔係咁學的,語言唔係咁學的。學字學句,不能in isolation,completely out of context的學。即使背了字義,背了例句,真正要用時,其實未必用得出。要學,就應該在閱讀或對話或看劇遇到新字新句時查字典或問人,要記住該字所出現的context是什麼,例如什麼人對什麼人,在什麼情況下用什麼語氣要表達什麼意思,會怎樣用某個字或某句。把所有有關資料都記下來,這樣才是學字的正確方法。
2. 背字典
把字典倒背如流,自然是個創舉,但對學英文幫助不大,原因如上。Out of context學的字,很大機會會用錯。當然,例句充足,解釋詳盡的好字典,是學語言的最佳學習工具。
3. 背同義詞表
同義詞辭典是很好的學習工具,但千萬別用錯。同義詞辭典,是用來remind you of words that you already know,而不是學新字的工具。有時候蕭叔叔見到坊間不少補習老師愛給學生lists of words that are supposed to be synonymous,要求學生用完一個,下一句就要用另外一個,講求「用字多變」,卻不求甚解,蕭叔叔最怕。就是那些sad等於depressed等於dejected等於heartbroken等於mournful等於bereaved等於despairing等於distressed那些。須知道英文好玩之處在於字詞多變,在不同場合,要表達非常subtle的分別,要用不同的字。例如bereaved是死人時才用的,亂用來取代list內其他的字,會鬧笑話。那不是說同義詞典不好,而是要用得其法,假如你本身已懂某字,卻一時三刻想不起來,這時候同義詞辭典會好有用。但記著,學字,一定要in context地學。
4. 狂做厚厚的grammar練習
好多香港人,尤其是老一輩的,都喜歡厚厚的grammar練習,花好多時間做,做得全對了,就很有成功感。其實學grammar同學字一樣,都要in context地學。篇幅所限,grammar書不能把所有某一個grammar structure的用法和含意都一一細列,要學得文法上非常subtle的地方,還是要靠多聽多分析,遇到問題時再查grammar的reference books如Oxford University Press出版,學者Michael Swan寫的Practical English Usage,這樣多學,再多看多聽,多分析,然後練寫同講,先係學grammar的正確方法。
5. 讀多D英文
上一輩嘅人常說,睇多D英文,每日睇報紙,英文就會寫得好,那是大錯。多聽人唱歌,不等於自己就會唱得好;多看英超,也不等於識得落場踢波。閱讀是一樣。要寫英文寫得好,沒錯,是一定要多讀,那是個necessary condition,但by no means sufficient。想寫得好,還要仔細分析,慢慢嘴嚼,多問自己點解呢段呢句要咁寫,然後盡量在練寫時應用從閱讀學來的東西;就像練打籃球,不要只打開電視看NBA,還要選最喜歡的球員,把他的精華片段錄下來,慢慢重播,甚至慢鏡分析,meticulously study球員的步法、手勢、站位、眼神,再每天落街場嘗試應用新學的招式,這樣球技才會進步。只靠「睇多D NBA」,等同「讀多D英文」,唔會令你進步。
6. 聽多D英文
多看電視,多聽電台,就會識得講?大錯,道理同上,多聽人唱歌不等於自己識得唱,多看人演戲不等於自己懂得演戲,還要自己分析,練習,不贅了。
7. 聽歌學講英文
蕭叔叔也喜歡聽歌,但聽英文歌,contrary to what many believe,對學英文幫助不大。歌詞的詞序、選字好多時候會因應歌曲節奏和押韻的考慮而同平時日常生活所講不同,歌詞練得熟,對日常對話沒有什麼幫助。Where English songs do help是引起對學英文的興趣,還有提高對英文節奏感和發音的領悟。
8. 專心上英文堂
老實說,雖然蕭叔叔也算是個英文老師,但我成日聽同人講,上英文堂,不論是學校的,補習社的,還是出面其他教學機構的,用處不是太大。我最喜歡跟學生講:You are your best language teacher。學外語,還是靠自己勤力練習有效得多。那老師的功用是什麼?我覺得是raise學生的language awareness,令他們留意到外語跟自己母語在文法上,發音上有什麼不同之處,然後學生最後能否acquire外語的那些features,還是靠學生自己平時努力。
9. 大聲讀報紙
假如你本身未學好英文發音節奏,每天找英文報紙大聲朗讀,對咬字發音沒有幫助。It will only reinforce your mistakes and make them harder to eradicate in the future。正確做法,想練好聽講,是找錄音練,你對時事有興趣,最好找同時有文字有聲音的材料,慢慢分析發音,節奏,這樣才會進步。蕭叔叔見過太多學生,在學好基本功之前太用心練,以致hypercorrection問題甚多,要糾正就麻煩。
10. 每天花一小時學英文
想學好英文,you’ve got to immerse yourself completely in the language. 不要只靠每天抽一兩小時出來練,要try and live in English。當然要努力學習,但學習之餘,還要令自己時時刻刻接觸的,都是英文:讀英文報、看英文網、煲英文劇、寫英文日記或essay、多同English speaking的同事朋友吹水、總之live as if you’re an English speaker, and soon you will become one. 加油。
作者簡介
蕭愷一,aka蕭叔叔。夢想做男神、現實是大叔的英文教學狂熱分子,law grad,哲學碩士dropout,語言學愛好者,以speak English like an educated native為教與學的終極目標。(facebook.com/siuhoiyat)
文︰蕭愷一