【教學生academic writing有感】
讀postgrad啦,寫論文唔好停留喺搵journal剪剪貼貼,paraphrase當個人見解既階段啦。
應該好好學習點樣formulate 自己的 thesis,再用自己精準的文字,無懈可擊的 argument support佢。
總之,無論你搵幾多reference,引幾多quote,都唔能夠取代你自己argue既個人見解。
To write a good essay, you need to have a burning desire to make a point, and argue well for it. It's not a copy and paste exercise or a competition of scrambling to find journal articles that contain words you want to repeat or paraphrase...
唔係淨係講PhD。讀taught master要寫essay,做dissertation,是同一個道理。
蕭叔叔
PS:一如以往,蕭叔叔說話寫字唔中唔英,叫大家睇得辛苦,唔好意思 😓
academic journal articles 在 Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文 Facebook 八卦
★★ 為何留了學也救不了我的菜英文?(1) ★★
大部份人會想出英美語系國家留學主要有兩個主要原因: (1) 在西方取得最 state-of-the-art 的專業知識; (2) 增進英語能力以及培養世界觀。
特別針對第二項而言,如果英語沒有用心用對方法學,即便留完學英文也不一定會突飛猛進,回了台灣只發現只有進步一些單字漢口說慣用語 (這是不用出國花幾百萬留學,在台灣看美劇背單字書也可以有的效果)。這也是在幫助很多國外名校歸國人士改英文文章後所得到的最大感觸。
會這樣的主要原因之一在於,大家無論是身在台灣,還是四周都是英文的美國、英國,都太習慣從中文出發去翻譯英文。厲害的人,或是在國外待比較久的人,則可以翻得比較快 (fluency),但並沒有增進 "accuracy" "complexity" "nativelikeness" 甚至是 "appropriacy".
要增進寫學術文章能力,或是做口頭報告能力,關鍵在於 academic collocations. 在聽presentations, 看journal articles 時,一定要會學會分析,哪些字常跟那些字在一起,瞭解字與字的習性後,經過不斷練習之下,寫作即可又到位又專業。幾個academic collocations的例子如下:
(1) 形容顯著的差異:
stark / marked / sharp / clear / striking + contrast
若自創 obvious / conspicuous + contrast 等都實屬合最低限度的文法標準但聽起來詭異
(2) core 核心的 (adj.) 這個形容詞後面只(習慣)加:
core + element / issue / skills / value
(3) detailed (a.) 詳細的, 此一形容詞後面習慣加:
detailed + analysis / examination / information / study
(4) 用來形容很大的「相異」,使用動詞 differ, 後面習慣用的副詞有兩個: differ considerably, differ significantly ; 然而有趣的是,當使用形容詞 different 的時候,習慣跟的副詞變成了entirely
(entirely different)
(5) 在學術寫作中,從「外來的」習慣用 external 一字 (偶爾用extrinsic), 後面常跟的名詞為:
external factors / forces / influences / source / threat
(6) gain 取得、獲得此一動詞,最常用:
gain access to, gain information, gain insight(s) into
academic journal articles 在 姚松炎 Edward Yiu Facebook 八卦
守護學術自由,不容政治審查!
【堅守學術自由 抵抗政治審查】
【Preserving academic freedom, resisting political censorship】
高教公民 就《中國季刊》刪除文章事件的聲明
Statement by Progressive Scholars Group over the removal of individual articles from China Quarterly
我們關注到劍橋大學出版社遵從中國當局指令,將旗下著名學術期刊《中國季刊》300多篇文章從其中國網站上刪除,而文章多數關於天安門、文革、西藏、新疆、台灣和香港。就今次事件,「高教公民」有以下回應:
We notice that the Cambridge University Press (CUP) has, at the request of the Chinese authorities, pulled over 300 articles and book reviews on its China site originally published by its prestigious journal China Quarterly (CQ). The articles removed are mostly related to Tiananmen, Cultural Revolution, Tibet, Xinjiang, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Regarding to this incident, the “Progressive Scholars Group” has the following responses:
1. 我們擔心,今次事件反映中國政府正嘗試干預境外地區的學術自由,而事件可能只是冰山一角、又或者是更大規模政治審查的序幕。
We worry that the Chinese Government is trying to intervene the academic freedom of territories outside its jurisdiction. This incident may be just the tip of the iceberg or it is the beginning of a larger scale of political censorship.
2. 我們要求,全球各地學術出版社必須堅守學術自由,並拒絕屈從於中國政府的施壓。學術出版社應該是學術自由的堡壘,不應輕易在政治和巿場壓力之下放棄原則。
We urge academic publishers around the world to preserve academic freedom and refuse to bend to the pressure of the Chinese Government. Academic publishers should be the defenders of academic freedom and they should not lightly give up such a principle.
3. 我們呼籲,全球各地學者團結起來,共同抵抗任何形式的政治審查。
We call on all scholars around the world to stand firm and join hands for resisting all forms of political censorship.
學術自由是現代文明的基石。讓我們團結一起,守護這個我們珍而重之的核心價值。
Academic freedom is the cornerstone of modern civilization. Let’s work together to preserve this core value that we treasure.
▋延伸閱讀 Further reading
蘋果日報 | 華施壓《中國季刊》刪300篇文
https://goo.gl/jUbXQ9
Quartz | Forced to comply or shut down, Cambridge University Press’s China Quarterly removes 300 articles in China
https://goo.gl/AwSWNw
劍橋大學出版社聲明 | Cambridge University Press’s statement
https://goo.gl/WQ4J2n
《中國季刊》聲明 | China Quarterly’s statement
https://goo.gl/88imSj
被刪除的300多篇文章一覽表 | List of blocked articles
https://goo.gl/frsmr5
#高教公民 #中國季刊 #劍橋大學出版社 #政治審查 #學術自由
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