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#1. AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis Rudolf Marek
AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis ... AMD BIOS and Kernel Developers Guide (BKDG) ... “The system management unit (SMU) is a subcomponent of the northbridge ...
#2. Fwupd 1.8.5 Adds New Plugin to Display SMU ... - 9to5Linux
Fwupd 1.8.5 Linux firmware updating utility is now available for download with a new plugin to display SMU firmware version on AMD APU/CPUs.
#3. AMD Generic Encapsulated Software Architecture (AGESA ...
在AMD產品線中,Combo字面上的意思是指同時支援多個SoC (包含內部的韌體),PI則是執行Platform Initialization。Combo PI就是個含有*ABL、PSP、SMU、VBIOS ...
Ryzen SMU is a Linux kernel driver that exposes access to the SMU (System Management Unit) for certain AMD Ryzen Processors. Use at your own risk, ...
#5. AB王 - Plurk
AMD 目前CPU內部有三個firmware,分別是SMU、PMU跟PSP,沒有去針對那個爆過漏洞的SMU firmware只針對PSP,所以根本就是不讓他們搞coreboot或是libreboot的就該死.
#6. Rudolf Marek: AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis - YouTube
http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2014/31c3_-_6103_-_en_-_saal_2_-_201412272145_-_amd_x86_smu_firmware_analysis_-_rudolf_marek.
Technical details on AMD's coreboot source code release. AMD. 2011-02-28 [2016-02-01]. (原始內容存檔於2014-03-25). ^ AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis (PDF).
#8. Fwupd 1.8.5 Supports More USB4 Docks, New AMD SMU ...
Fwupd 1.8.5 is out today for continuing to improve the firmware updating experience on Linux systems in conjunction with the Linux Vendor ...
#9. E-SMI In-band library - AMD Developer Central
Get SMU Firmware version; Get PROCHOT status; Get clocks. CPU clock frequency limit; Data Fabric Clock(fclk),; DRAM Memory Clock(mclk) and.
#10. Vulnerability found in AMD processor firmware - WeLiveSecurity
The System Management Unit (SMU) in the chips is responsible for power saving functionality alongside other configuration tasks. Using his hack, ...
#11. Fwupd 1.8.5 Adds New Plugin to Display SMU ... - Linux Today
Fwupd 1.8.5 introduces a new plugin to display SMU firmware version on AMD APU/CPUs and other features.
#12. 【情報】AMD 韌體AGESA Changelog 更新內容重點整理
在AMD 平台中除了板廠BIOS 外最重要的還是AMD 發布給板廠的AMD AGESA firmware 版本, ... 即使有放SMU,也不代表一定支援新的Vermeer跟Cezanne。
#13. [情報] Ryzen 的技術分析- 看板PC_Shopping - 批踢踢實業坊
SMU 的管理功能包括功耗、電流、溫度限制器,電壓控制器以及功耗門限等。 如果你不超頻,可以無視這些玩意。 為了超頻,AMD的工程師還給出了一個特別的 ...
#14. [Tool Guide] AMD SMU Check & Update - ZEN2
AMD System Management Unit Update - ZEN2 Update version: [[File:zen2update.png]] To update the SMU of the bios. Drag & Drop the bios file ...
#15. 1. AMD Platform Security Processor (PSP) Firmware ...
AMD Platform Security Processor (PSP) Firmware Integration Guide ... The MP2 of the SMU, also known as the Sensor Fusion Integration is used to aggregate ...
#16. RX 580 4 GB is dead? SMU load firmware failed - Hiveon
SMU load firmware failed · AMD Cards ... smu firmware loading failed ... I did not do any updates / upgrades / bios flashing.
#17. How to Upgrade amd smu firmware 2022?
Upgrade to newest version firmware on you device, amd smu firmware update you current version firmware to latest version, download newest .
#18. AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis - C3Subtitles
back. AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis. Do you care about Matroshka processors? If you suspend your transcription on amara.org, please add a timestamp below to ...
#19. AGESA - Wikiwand
參考資料 · ^ Technical details on AMD's coreboot source code release. AMD. 2011-02-28 [2016-02-01]. · ^ AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis (PDF). [2017-04-01].
#20. AMD 和Intel 處理器中披露了多個漏洞 - Linux Adictos
已更正的錯誤以AMD 為例,已消除22 個漏洞第一代、第二代和第三代AMD EPYC 系列服務器處理器這會危及PSP(平台安全處理器)、SMU(系統管理單元)和SEV(安全加密虛擬 ...
#21. Bug#864529: firmware-amd-graphics - Google Groups
Bug#864529: firmware-amd-graphics: missing firmware for AMD Radeon RX 560,570,580 ... kernel: [ 5.179101] amdgpu: [powerplay] SMU Firmware start failed!
#22. X470 GAMING PRO CARBON AC - 微星科技
標題AMI BIOS. 版本7B78v1D. 發佈時間2019-11-12. 檔案大小9.39 MB. 下載. 描述: - 更新AMD ComboPI1.0.0.4 Patch B (SMU v46.54) - 減短系統開機時間- 改善PCI-E ...
#23. MSI First To Release AMD AGESA 1.2.0.4 BIOS Firmware For ...
MSI First To Release AMD AGESA 1.2.0.4 BIOS Firmware For B550 & B450 Motherboards – Updated SMU & TPM Enabled By Default For Windows 11.
#24. drivers/gpu/drm/amd/pm/swsmu/smu13/smu_v13_0.c
#include <linux/firmware.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/pci.h> #include ... 2) { dev_err(adev->dev, "Unsupported smu firmware version %d.
#25. amd-pstate.c source code [linux/drivers/cpufreq/amd-pstate.c]
11, * feature which works with the AMD SMU firmware providing a finer grained. 12, * frequency control range. It is to replace the legacy ACPI P-States ...
#26. Notes on the AMD 17h processor SMU - Markus Schmidl
Notes on the AMD 17h processor SMU. Cadence Xtensa IP core (probably LX3 or LX6); Xtensa ISA Manual; Firmware can be extracted from BIOS-Image with PSPTool ...
#27. All About Ryzen,AMD Ryzen平台體驗報告(下) - 每日頭條
不知道這和BIOS以及AMD軟體的不同電壓顯示是不是聯繫在一起的。 當然,這不是BUG,而是SMU會在上限電壓的環境下,根據處理器的頻率自動增壓降壓,非常 ...
#28. LXer: Fwupd 1.8.5 Adds New Plugin to Display SMU Firmware ...
LXer NewsBot. Registered: Dec 2005. Posts: 122,552. Rep: Reputation: 118. LXer: Fwupd 1.8.5 Adds New Plugin to Display SMU Firmware Version on AMD APU/CPUs ...
#29. FS#71605 : amdgpu: smu firmware loading failed - Arch Linux
I just checked, it's giving me the same error. on 5.12 it works fine. I have reported this over at drm/amd too. ... I'll printk debug this on my end and see what ...
#30. AM4-Plattform-Tool: SMU Checker zum Vorab-Auslesen der ...
Mainboards mit X570-Chipsatz haben eine eigene SMU Version, alle anderen haben eine Version/FW-Angabe. Ryzen SMU Checker.
#31. MSI為X570和B550主機板推出AMD AGESA 1.2.0.5 ... - XFastest
根據MSI的說法新的AMD AGESA 1.2.0.5 BIOS韌體的主要變化首先是對新韌體的更新,同時更新了AMD Ryzen CPU的SMU韌體,包括Vermeer (Ryzen ...
#32. [PATCH 000/138] The new SW SMU driver of amdgpu
Here is the first version of new sw smu driver that is basing on vega20. ... add smu11 sub block for SMU IP drm/amd/powerplay: add firmware ...
#33. AMD EPYC Processors Hit by 22 Security Vulnerabilities ...
AMD EPYC class of enterprise processors has gotten infected by as many as 22 ... Security Processor (PSP), AMD System Management Unit (SMU), ...
#34. MSI First To Release AMD AGESA 1.2.0.4 BIOS Firmware For ...
0.4 BIOS Firmware To B550 & B450 Motherboards, Features Updated Ryzen SMU & Enables TPM By Default. According to MSI, the latest AMD ...
#35. Frequently Asked Questions - Libreboot
Why is the latest AMD hardware unsupported in libreboot? AMD Platform Security Processor (PSP); AMD IMC firmware; AMD SMU firmware; AMD AGESA firmware; AMD CPU ...
#36. Barebones TN83B8251 B8251T83E8HR-2T-N
TYAN makes no warranties to the usability of a BIOS on our website and are ... AMD CBS > NBIO Common Options > SMU Common options > "xGMI Max Link width ...
#37. Bug #1934809 “Backport support for AMD SMU statistics”
[Impact] AMD RN and CZN SOC can collect extra debugging data for s0i3. ... platform/x86: amd-pmc: Fix SMU firmware reporting mechanism
#38. Fwupd 1.8.5 添加新插件以在AMD APU/CPU 上显示SMU 固件 ...
Fwupd 1.8.5 添加新插件以在AMD APU/CPU 上显示SMU 固件版本 ... com/fwupd-1-8-5-adds-new-plugin-to-display-smu-firmware-version-on-amd-apu-cpus ...
#39. Amd CVE - OpenCVE
Insufficient bounds checking in System Management Unit (SMU) may cause ... Insufficient validation of BIOS image length by ASP Firmware could lead to ...
#40. MSI Releases AMD AGESA 1.2.0.4 BIOS For B550 & B450 ...
wccftech - MSI First To Release AMD AGESA 1.2.0.4 BIOS Firmware For B550 & B450 Motherboards – Updated SMU & TPM Enabled By Default For ...
#41. [PATCH v2] drm/amdgpu: update fw_load_type module ...
SMU loading is only available for ASICs for which the parameter is ignored. ... drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_drv.c | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, ...
#42. Amd - CVE.report
Information on vulnerabilities for software owned/developed by: Amd. ... System, Amd, Radeon Rx 550 Firmware, 25.20.15031.5004.
#43. AMD Ryzen 5 1600X, 1600, 1500X et 1400 en test
le SMU : il s'agit du firmware qui regroupe la gestion des diverses sondes de températures de tensions, ou d'énergie. Nous avons traqué ces ...
#44. Software-based Undervolting Faults in AMD Zen Processors
Simply executing the SMU testbench produced no change in the voltage of the CPU. Whether the SMU responds to commands may depend on its firmware version.
#45. JN-美商半導體公司FAE ( 熟GPU or 熟BIOS, BMC ... - 立可人事
Knowledgeable in platform firmware features (BIOS, BMC, SMU) • Hands-on experience and strong expertise in server hardware ecosystem at the node, ...
#46. AGESA - Firmware Security
AGESA is the set of binaries used by most AMD systems. ... He took the code from SMU update BIOS, and then run the code on an emulator.
#47. Thread: ASUS X470 ROG, ROG Strix, Prime, TUF - UEFI/SMU ...
These beta UEFI builds flash the SMU firmware to version 43.18.00 which contains important updates for Pinnacle Ridge processors. Chipset.
#48. Security Vulnerabilities AMD AGESA PI in Acer Swift 3 SF314 ...
Acer needs to integrate the patches by AMD into a new BIOS update ... BIOS: V1.04 07/28/2021; SMU Firmware: 55.75.0 (System Management Unit).
#49. AMD 'Navi' could offer significantly improved power-efficiency ...
Recently, AMD posted a set of 138 patches for a new software System Management Unit (SMU) framework based on Vega20. The SMU block is ...
#50. New AMD Ryzen 3000 Firmware Improves Boost Clock Speeds
They also still employ the SMU firmware 46.53.00, which isn't surprising as beta BIOSes don't typically use the correct SMU.
#51. Guide - How to set a specific power target on Ryzen 3000 and ...
I suggest using "Max voltage offset" setting in AMD CBS/NBIO/SMU or using the standard voltage offset setting provided by your motherboard ...
#52. 2063351 – amdgpu driver fails to initialize the Ryzen 5600G ...
... the APU isn't initialized successfully, with a "smu firmware loading failed" error. ... Inc. [AMD/ATI] Device 1636 Kernel modules: amdgpu Alternatively, ...
#53. A tale of 31C3 – Part 1 – AMOSSYS
AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis · Attacks on UEFI security, inspired by Darth Venamis's misery and Speed Racer · Thunderstrike: EFI bootkits for Apple MacBooks.
#54. AMD 2nd Gen EPYC CPU Tuning Guide for InfiniBand HPC
To set performance mode on the BIOS, set the following on the BIOS: Advanced → AMD CBS → NBIO Common Options → SMU Common Options → Determinism Control ...
#55. 無題
Cypress Power Delivery (PD) Firmware, version 0.7.0. PSP Firmware, version 0.11.0.68. SMU Firmware, version 64.44.0. AMD GOP EFI Driver, version AMD GOP X64 ...
#56. CONFIG_AMD_PMC: AMD SoC PMC driver
... support for AMD Power Management Controller primarily responsible for S2Idle transactions that are driven from a platform firmware running on SMU.
#57. Messages in this thread
on which version of SMU firmware is loaded. Bug: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/drm/amd/-/issues/1925. Signed-off-by: Evan Quan ...
#58. CCC Final | PDF | Bios | Microprocessor - Scribd
AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis. Do you care about Matroshka processors? Rudolf Marek r . marek @ assembler.cz porn.bat. Outline ...
#59. Can't get AMD dGPU + iGPU to work together - Ask Fedora
Both GPUs are enabled in BIOS – Windows has no… ... smu backed is vega10_smu [ 4.590219] [drm] Found UVD firmware Version: 66.43 Family ID: ...
#60. Add amdgpu powerplay support - LWN.net
Jammy Zhou (7): drm/amd/powerplay: add SMU manager sub-component ... drm/amdgpu: disable legacy path of firmware check if powerplay is ...
#61. Fwupd 1.8.5 suporta mais docks USB4 e novo plug-in de ...
Ela apresenta um novo plug-in para exibir a versão do firmware SMU em AMD APU/CPUs, um novo plug-in de inicialização do Android para atualizar ...
#62. What is known about the capabilities of AMD's Secure ...
A possible indication would be how the SMU firmware is protected: with a ... At least the AMD security processor does not provide a remote ...
#63. SMU Checker aracı ile AMD AM4 BIOS'ların AGESA/SMU ...
Programın yaptığı iş basitçe BIOS'unuzu .exe üzerine bıraktığınızda içerisindeki AGESA/SMU/Chipset firmware versiyonlarını göstermektir.
#64. [SOLVED] I'm new to linux and im having a problem with my gpu
cd ~/Downloads/linux-firmware-20210919 sudo cp -f amdgpu/navy_flounder_* ... [ 6.835416] amdgpu 0000:08:00.0: amdgpu: smu driver if version ...
#65. AMD UEFI Inside: What is really behind AGESA, the PSP ...
The boot ROM firmware then reads and decrypts the now encrypted PSP boot loader from the BIOS image located in the SPI flash and then executes ...
#66. kernel-firmware (SUSE-SU-2022:18... - Tenable
SUSE SLES12 Security Update : kernel-firmware (SUSE-SU-2022:1846-1) ... A bug in AMD CPU's core logic may allow for an attacker, ...
#67. Prebuilt - [SFFn] ASRock's DeskMini A300 - Finally!
AMD BIOS and Kernel Developers Guide (BKDG) ○ for fam15h & fam16h “The system management unit (SMU) is a subcomponent of the northbridge ...
#68. Frequently Asked Questions - osboot project
This happens both on the original BIOS and in osboot. ... If the PSP firmware is not present, or if the AMD signing key is not present, ... AMD SMU firmware.
#69. 黑苹果AMD显卡驱动优化,大幅提升性能! - 知乎专栏
近代的AMD GPU 采用一个称为SMU 的固件(SMU Firmware)来管理显卡的部分功能。此SMU 固件需要由图形驱动程序上载。Radeon Vega 56/64 的风扇控制错误(具体表现是有时 ...
#70. [PATCH 16/89] drm/amdgpu/pm: add smu v13.0.1 firmware ...
amd.com> This patch is to add smu v13.0.1 firmware header for yellow carp. Signed-off-by: Aaron Liu <[email protected]> Acked-by: Alex ...
#71. refs/heads/factory-asurada-13929.B - Google Git
author, Marshall Dawson <[email protected]> ... picasso: Update Dali SMU firmware Update the firmware to version 37.62.0 - DXIO FW ...
#72. AMD Smu Team Interview Questions - Glassdoor
1 AMD SMU Team interview questions and 1 interview reviews. Free interview details posted anonymously by AMD interview candidates.
#73. AMD Motherboard Firmwares X570, B550, and A520 ...
Manufacturer chipset product name AGESA v2 1.0.8.x Asus A520 TUF Gaming A520M‑Plus Download Asus A520 Prime A520M‑A Download Asus A520 Prime A520M‑E Download
#74. AMD AGESA Combo-AM4 v2 1.0.0.2 + SMU 46.61 - FunkyKit
0.2 + SMU 46.61) which is designed for the ASRock B550 Taichi motherboard, and can be downloaded from their website. With the new firmware, AMD ...
#75. Uncover, Understand, Own
AMD Boot. 8. Source: Motherboard Manual Supermicro H11DSU-iN ... Where is the PSP Firmware loaded from? CPU. Flash. 2 – BIOS ... PSP loads SMU firmware.
#76. AMD Ryzen 3000: AGESA 1.0.0.3ABBA und neue Firmware ...
Auch ComputerBase hat einen Ryzen 7 3800X mit dem aktuellen AMD AGESA Combo-AM4 1.0.0.3ABBA und der neuen SMU-Firmware 46.49.00 getestet und ...
#77. [resolu] gpu RX6500XT sous sid (bookworm) qui freeze ...
apt policy firmware-amd-graphics firmware-amd-graphics: ... May 4 14:34:19 amdtr4 kernel: [ 8.510402] [drm] add ip block number 4 <smu>
#78. Update SMU13 support for SMU 13.0.0 — Linux AMD GFX
AMD GFX: [PATCH 2/4] drm/amd/smu: Update SMU13 support for SMU 13.0.0. ... + void *table; + + /* doesn't need to load smu firmware in IOV ...
#79. View topic - AMDGPU black screen during boot - Gentoo Forums
[ 1.768568] amdgpu: [powerplay] SMU Firmware start failed! ... amd-ucode/microcode_amd.bin amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam15h.bin ...
#80. AMD plugs firmware holes that allowed command injection
VID Chip maker AMD has patched holes across its firmware lines that could ... AMD's System Management Unit (SMU) firmware code within x86 ...
#81. MSI X570、B550 - X470、B450 多數主板更新支援TPM 功能
MSI 在上星期為B450、B550 系列主機板更新AMD AGESA 1.2.0.4 BIOS,目前這個版本已經 ... AGESA 1.2.0.4 裡面更新了AMD Ryzen 系列處理器的SMU 韌體, ...
#82. Sicherheitslücke in Firmware von AMD-Prozessoren - Heise
Die Firmware der SMU ist Teil des AGESA-Codes (AMD Generic Encapsulated Software Architecture), der wiederum im (UEFI-)BIOS-Code des Systems ...
#83. 藏在CPU 裡面的小小太上皇CPU: Intel ME 跟AMD PSP
他們的目標是希望做到「從一打開電源就始用自由軟體」, 所以這些開發者對於BIOS/UEFI 韌體及CPU 的運作非常熟悉。 以下兩節是FAQ 當中關於Intel 跟AMD ...
#84. Rudolf Marek: AMD x86 SMU firmware analysis - Amara.org
http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2014/31c3_-_6103_-_en_-_saal_2_-_201412272145_-_amd_x86_smu_firmware_analysis_-_rudolf_marek.html.
#85. R7-3700X 簡單分享- PCDVD數位科技討論區
AMD 新版BIOS測試,CPU頻率提升1.9% 2019-10-24 ... AGESA裡面,在按下開關鍵的時候,是PSP、SMU等小處理器運作。這些小CPU都是先運作和優化好的 ...
#86. Ryzen 5000 overclocking guide. 0 or greater, before 1. Intel is ...
I think this is typical Open the BIOS and proceed to Advanced - AMD Overclock ... Reboot and go back into your BIOS and hop over to AMD CBS/NBIO/SMU and set ...
#87. AMD Clarifies "Best Cores" vs "Preferred Cores ... - AnandTech
... in Ryzen Master and the SMU APIs, and the “preferred cores” mapping that AMD's firmware communicates via CPPC2 to the operating system.
#88. Dmytro Oleksiuk on Twitter: "He-he, using LinkedIn for ...
He-he, using LinkedIn for firmware reverse engineering (from Rudolf Marek talk on AMD SMU vulns at #31c3).
#89. Linux msr overclock - Comodo Shoes
As an actively cooled mini PC, it uses AMD's older 12 nm Zen+ Ryzen 7 3750H Picasso ... Disables platform security policy in firmware› Get more: Linux msr ...
#90. 技嘉X670E AORUS MASTER主機板,EXPO/XMP輕鬆直上 ...
隨著新一代AMD Ryzen 7000 桌上型處理器的登場,技嘉推出AMD X670E 晶片組家族中最高階的一款X670E AORUS MASTER 主機板與之搭配。
#91. F10a gigabyte - centro estetico morena e claudia
F10a SMU ver. 2020/12/14 GIGABYTE Firmware Update Utility (Note) Support Intel 400 and AMD 500 series Dual BIOS motherboards Nov 02, 2019 · Nutzern der ...
#92. c't Security (2018): Sicherheitsratgeber 2018 für Internet & PC
LPC (I2C) Festplatte (SSD) Firmware Grafikkarte PCle Prozessor VGA-BIOS SPI Intel: Management Engine (ME) Intel-Hash/e-Fuses AMD: System Management Unit ...
#93. AMD Security and Server innovation - UEFI Forum
AMD TATS BIOS Development Group ... Firmware security innovations ... AMD will continue to design x86 CPU's and APU's for client and.
#94. Ryzen linux reddit - Luxury Roma Transfer
Firmware Blob: amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam17h. sh 4 4. ... 5 3400G. ryzen,A Linux kernel driver that exposes access to the SMU (System Management Unit) for ...
#95. Red boot light on msi motherboard no display ... - Master Keys
The MSI MEG Z690 Unify is using the familiar Click BIOS 5 UEFI firmware, which we've seen over numerous generations of MSI's motherboards on both AMD and ...
#96. Computer architecture and Feedback Control
SMU firmware monitors each individual hazard at fine granularity ... AMD Ryzen™ 7 3750H Mobile Processor with Radeon™ RX Vega 10. Graphics. • Arm® big.
#97. Mustie1 darren - BTV Schulung
AMD Ryzen 9 4950X 16 Core Zen 3 CPU Spotted With Up To 4. ... Smu Soccer Camp 2021. november 5–11, 2020 i volume 39 i number 39 i nashvillescene.
#98. The Legacy Internet Explorer Leaves Behind
... Cincinnati Bearcats vs SMU Mustangs Live Score and Stats October 22 ... with price tags that could leave an easy win for AMD TechRadar ...
amd smu firmware 在 [情報] Ryzen 的技術分析- 看板PC_Shopping - 批踢踢實業坊 的八卦
原出處:https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/ryzen-strictly-technical.2500572/
翻譯:https://www.mykancolle.com/?post=1406
--
- CCX - Compute Complex,內含4個Zen核心,8MB L3。
- PState - Performance State.不同狀態下電壓和頻率不同。
- Zeppelin – Summit Ridge (AM4), Snowy Owl (SP4)和Naples (SP3)等Zen架構CPU中
die設計的代號。
- dLDO – Digital low-dropout voltage regulator,數字低壓差穩壓器
- XFR – Extended Frequency Range,拓展頻率範圍
- MACF - Maximum all core frequency,全核最大頻率
- MSCF – Maximum single core frequency,單核最大頻率
- ACXFRC – All core XFR ceiling,全核XFR上限
- SCXFRC – Single core XFR ceiling,單核XFR上限
- SMU – System management unit,系統管理單元
SMU –幕後的掌控者
由於集成了系統管理單元SMU,在超頻時Ryzen和之前的架構都不一樣。
在默頻時,Ryzen的功耗全由SMU控制,SMU將發揮它的全部功能,掌管一切。SMU的管理功
能包括功耗、電流、溫度限制器,電壓控制器以及功耗門限等。
如果你不超頻,可以無視這些玩意。
為了超頻,AMD的工程師還給出了一個特別的模式:“超頻模式”,超頻模式下會禁用所
有的限制器,電壓控制器以及保護措施(除了CPU溫度保護)。
如果你在默認的P0狀態基礎上超頻,“超頻模式”就會自動啟用。SMU是通過向主板的診
斷顯示(80)端口發送“0C”來判斷超頻模式的。
在Zeppelin上,想了解CPU的不同頻率狀態(PStates)、電壓,特別是實際等效電壓是非
常困難的,遠比之前的架構困難得多。與之前的推土機家族(Family 15h)不同,
Zeppelin的加速PStates(Turbo&XFR )是完全不可見的,這也是他們為什麼被稱為“
Shadow PStates”的原因吧。這意味著Zeppelin的PStates不再以標準MSR寄存器定義,也
不能被用戶修改甚至看到。用戶能夠確認Shadow PStates生效的唯一方法,就是看到即時
頻率/電壓的上升。
在不超頻的狀態下,SMU會自動通過電壓控制器控制電壓。
比如P0狀態下,可能會給1.37500V電壓,實際等效電壓大概在1.26250V,或者稍高。這不
是個bug,而是CPU的正常工作狀態。基本上來說,MSR中定義的電壓只是上限而已,而SMU
會在這個值的基礎上自動降壓。我們測試的樣品上,P0(3.6GHz)的調整值為-120mV,P1
(3.2GHz )為-144mV。
當“超頻模式”激活時,SMU會禁用電壓控制器,其他的很多功能也會被禁用。這會造成
一個假象:超頻後功耗猛增。在技術上來說這是正確的,主要原因是關閉了SMU提供的自
動降壓預設,導致CPU電壓上升50-150mV。也就是說,開始超頻的時候電壓已經偏高。在
這時候不要立馬加壓,而是先嘗試提升頻率,在不穩定需要加壓的時候再加壓。
“超頻模式”的另一個缺點就是會關閉加速和XFR。也就是說如果你全核超不到默認的單
核XFR頻率,單線程性能會下降。
XFR
XFR實際上是對標準CPB加速算法的拓展或加強。在理想狀態下,CPU能夠提頻到原有的加
速頻率之上。XFR也有單核和多核的頻率上限。
比如1800X,全核頻率3.6GHz,單核頻率4.0GHz,在全核+XFR下能達到3.7GHz,單核+XFR
則是4.1GHz。
XFR的提升頻率在不同產品上可能不同。但在1800X上只有100MHz。理論上任何時候都能啟
用XFR,但在部分情況下(Linpack/P95)下頻率通常會降到3.6/4.0GHz。
外頻
AM4上超外頻是可能的,但並不推薦。因為外頻和其他接口掛鉤,比如PCIe。而且不像
Intel,AM4沒有異步模式,不能在調外頻的同時保持PCIe頻率不變。PCIE3.0通常能到
107MHz,再往上需要調到PCIE2.0或1.0。
超外頻會帶來很多穩定性問題。
內部電壓調整(dLDO )
Zeppelin是AMD首次集成電壓調節模塊。與Haswell/Broadwell上完全集成的電壓調節模塊
(FIVR)不同,AMD的調節器並非基於超高頻開關電路,而是超高效數字低壓差穩壓器
(dLDO)。大部分區塊(核心/緩存/Data Fabric)都有自己的dLDO,能夠分別調整。
當然普通用戶可以完全無視。因為零售版Ryzen上大部分的dLDO都是永遠處於by-pass模式
,實際的調節器處於關閉狀態,電壓調節全部放在主板上。
CCX之間的頻率關係
在內部頻率關係上,Zeppelin與之前的架構也很不同。核心、L1、L2的速度永遠都是綁定
,這和以前一樣。但這次的L3也和核心運行在同樣頻率(全速)。由於L3被整個CCX內的
核心所共享,因此L3的頻率和該CCX內最高的核心頻率一致。正常情況下,同一個CCX內的
所有核心都運行在同樣頻率。
所以CCX的結構給了超頻者一些限制。CCX內的4個核心必須運行在同頻(處於同樣的
PState),當然也可以改變每個核心的頻率,讓他們處於不同的PState之下,但很多情況
下結果會和預想的不同。由於L3的頻率和該CCX內最高的核心頻率相同,如果同一CCX內的
核心不是同頻,那麼請求和實際運行頻率就會有差距。
等效CPU倍頻與CPUFID和CPUDFSId 有關。CPUFID是一個範圍在16-255的整數值,而
CPUDFSId是1-6之間的浮點值。等效倍頻= ((CPUFID / (CPUDFSId / 8)) / 4)
如果同一CCX內的核心不是同頻,等效倍頻的計算就更加困難。如果所有核心的PStates都
有同樣的CPUDFSId值,等效倍頻=目標核心CPUFID / (1 + ((最高頻率核心CPUFID - 目標
核心CPUFID) / 最高頻率核心CPUFID)),比如最高頻率核心的倍頻是36.0x (CPUFID =
144 , CPUDFSId = 1) ,其他目標核心的倍頻為32.0x(CPUFID = 128 , CPUDFSId = 1
),等效倍頻= 128 / (1 + ((144 - 128) / 144)) = 115.2 (28.8x)。
啟用了CCX中,開啟的核心數必須相同,可能的配置為: 1 (1:0), 2 (2:0 or 1:1), 3
(3:0), 4 (4:0或2: 2), 6 (3:3), 8 (4:4) 。
Data Fabric
Zeppelin的北橋,官方稱為Data Fabric(DF)。DF頻率和內存控制器掛鉤,比例為1:2【
比如DDR4-2667 MEMCLK(內存頻率) = 1333MHz DFICLK(DF頻率)】。這意味著內存頻
率直接會影響DF的性能。
在某些情況下,Zeppelin的性能可能會隨內存頻率提升而大幅提升。
但實際上這不是通過提升內存頻率帶來的,而是同時提高的DF頻率帶來了性能提升。
零售版Zeppelin官方支持的最高內存頻率為DDR4 2667(2x 1R內存模組)或2400MHz(2x
2R內存模組),但2933、3200MHz的頻率也可以在部分主板上達成。
超頻性能
高端Ryzen的超頻空間非常小。因為默頻就已經很高,同時本來就是高密度的設計,
Zeppelin用的還是低功耗製程(三星14nm LPP )。
可以從曲線中看到,Zeppelin的頻率在3.3GHz之前是完美的線性增長(每100MHz需要25mV)
。首次偏差出現在3.3GHz,第二個也是最後一次偏差出現在3.5GHz。在這之後電壓已經不
是線性,需要的電壓大幅上升。
所以最理想的頻率範圍在2.1-3.3GHz,再往上每100MHz需要的電壓會明顯增加。
這意味著3.8GHz+的頻率會帶來功耗和溫度的大幅上升。
作為對比,之前AMD兩代桌面版的設計:
- Orochi Rev. C,也就是Vishera打樁機,32nm SHP SOI - (第一個關鍵點出現在4.4GHz
,第二個在4.7GHz)
- Kaveri / Godavari,28nm “SHP” HPP Planar - (第一個關鍵點出現在4.3GHz,第
二個在4.5GHz )
這個曲線和Ryzen預設的PState電壓/頻率基本吻合。
在高端型號上,比如1800X,3.6GHz默頻實際(等效)電壓範圍在1.200-1.300V,而加速
PState下(XFR,4.1GHz)下頻率可以高至1.475V。
測試樣品上P0 3.6GHz 實際電壓為~1.25000V,而單核XFR 4.1GHz實際電壓達到了
1.47500V。
AMD還沒給出最高的安全電壓【V DDCR_CPU - CCX電壓和VDDCR_SOC -北橋/SoC電壓】,但
估計高於1.47500V的電壓不會適合超頻和長期使用。
高端型號Ryzen的超頻是把雙刃劍。因為根據加速和XFR的工作原理,可能會降低單線程性
能。而且超頻空間已經很小。
功耗
功耗包括CPU核心+北橋/SoC,不包括開關和傳導損失。
峰值功耗使用Firestarter FMA/AVX,功耗比日常的多核滿載使用要高30%左右。
Note:當前的Prime95(28.10)並不能很好地對Ryzen進行壓力測試,測得的功耗會更低
。使用Firestarter和Linpack的功耗會顯著增加。
下面使用的是MCRT,Monte Carlo raytracer,來模擬真實應用。
彩蛋
Zeppelin上採用了非常高級的功耗管理。和Carrizo/BristolRidge相同,Zeppelin也能夠
支持cTDP。雖然零售版的Ryzen官方不支持cTDP,實際上只是在迷惑人們。
在30W TDP下,CinebenchR15能夠達到850cb。這個分數意味著什麼,可想而知。
只要在理想頻率範圍內,Zeppelin可以達到聞所未聞、怪物級別的效率。
--
原文作者在底下還做了很多比較圖表,
對於有心想了解ZEN各種表現的人可以自己進去看
原文作者比較給出來結論
Ryzen對FMA指令集支持不好 ( bullet,himeno,nbody,linpack )
--
8 Core Ryzen 是不是膠水翻譯這篇文章的作者是持否定論
不過我也有看到其他人認為8 Core Ryzen就是膠水的論點就是了
--
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